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Type 1 diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in patients with or without CHD: a case–control study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2017

Anna Björk ,
Ann-Marie Svensson ,
Mir Nabi Pirouzi Fard ,
Peter Eriksson  and
Mikael Dellborg
Anna Björk*
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Ann-Marie Svensson
Affiliation:
Centre of Registers Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
Mir Nabi Pirouzi Fard
Affiliation:
Centre of Registers Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
Peter Eriksson
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Mikael Dellborg
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
*
Correspondence to: A. Björk, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, SU Sahlgrenska, 41345 Göteborg, Sweden. Tel: +463 1343 4000; Fax: +46 3119 1416; E-mail: anna.bjork@vgregion.se
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Abstract

Background

Approximately 1% of children are born with CHD, and 90–95% reach adulthood. Increased exposure to infections and stress-strain can contribute to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus. CHD may increase the risk of more serious infections, stress-strain, and increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

We analysed the onset of and the risk of mortality and morbidity associated with concurrent CHD in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus without CHD. The study combined data from the National Diabetes Register and the National Patient Register.

Results

A total of 104 patients with CHD and type 1 diabetes mellitus were matched with 520 controls. Patients with CHD and type 1 diabetes mellitus had an earlier onset of diabetes (13.9 versus 17.4 years, p<0.001), longer duration of diabetes (22.4 versus 18.1 years, p<0.001), higher prevalence of retinopathy (64.0 versus 43.0%, p=0.003), higher creatinine levels (83.5 versus 74.1 µmol/L, p=0.03), higher mortality (16 versus 5%, p=0.002), and after onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus higher rates of co-morbidity (5.28 versus 3.18, p⩽0.01), heart failure (9 versus 2%, p=0.02), and stroke (6 versus 2%, p=0.048) compared with controls.

Conclusions

From a nationwide register of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the coexistence of CHD and type 1 diabetes mellitus was associated with an earlier onset, a higher frequency of microvascular complications, co-morbidity, and mortality.

Keywords

CHDtype 1 diabetes mellitusmortalitycomplications
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 27 , Issue 9 , November 2017 , pp. 1670 - 1677
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2017 

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