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Water-Uptake Capacity of Bentonites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

S. Kaufhold ,
R. Dohrmann  and
M. Klinkenberg
S. Kaufhold*
Affiliation:
BGR, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany
R. Dohrmann
Affiliation:
BGR, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany LBEG, Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany
M. Klinkenberg
Affiliation:
IEF-6, Institut für Energieforschung Sicherheitsforschung und Reaktortechnik (IEF-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: s.kaufhold@bgr.de
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Abstract

The present study compares the water-vapor adsorption capacity of bentonites (natural cation population) with the Enslin-Neff method. Water-vapor adsorption at 50% r.h. (relative humidity) or 70% r.h. is known to depend heavily on the amount of permanent charge and on the type of exchangeable cation. At ~80% r.h. Na+- and Ca2+/Mg2+-dominated bentonites take up equal amounts of water. Comparing the water-uptake capacity at 80% r.h. with the cation exchange capacity (CEC) revealed a close correlation between these two variables. Appreciable scatter apparent from this plot, however, suggests that additional factors influence the water-uptake capacity.Water adsorption at external surfaces was considered to be one of these factors and was, in fact, implicated by N2-adsorption data. The ratio of external/internal water ranged from 0 to 1, which suggests that water-adsorption values cannot be applied in the calculation of the internal surface area without correction for external water.

The Enslin-Neff water-uptake capacity, on the other hand, is unaffected by microstructural features (e.g. specific surface area and porosity). The amount of exchangeable Na+ is themost important factor. However, the relationship between the Na+ content and the Enslin value is not linear but may be explained by percolation theory.

Keywords

BentoniteEnslin-NeffSwelling CapacityWater-vapor Adsorption
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 1 , February 2010 , pp. 37 - 43
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2010

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