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Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Långban, Värmland, Sweden

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. G. Christy  and
K. Gatedal
A. G. Christy
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Building 47, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
K. Gatedal
Affiliation:
Mining Museum of Nordmark, SE-682 93 Nordmarkshyttan, Sweden
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Abstract

We report preliminary petrographic and mineral chemical data for a rock hosting an unusual mineral assemblage from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. The rock is a two feldspar-scapolite-spessartine-romeite skarn. The bulk composition and high degree of enrichment in Pb, Sb and As suggest that the rock was formed by reaction between a pre-existing Mn skarn containing the chalcophiles and a potassic granite, with loss of silica, alkalis and CO2. The alkali feldspar is a Pb-rich hyalophane, averaging Or63Ab19Cs15Pb03, the plagioclase feldspar a Pb-rich labradorite, An48Ab48Or02Pb02, and the scapolite a 'mizzonite' (Ca/(Na+Ca) = 0.66—0.70). These minerals show their highest Pb contents recorded in nature to date: up to a maximum of 5.7 wt.% PbO in the hyalophane, 2.1% PbO in the plagioclase, and 5.3% PbO in the scapolite. Laser ablation ICP-MS of a scapolite grain detected substantial Be up to 1.7 wt.% BeO (0.6 Be per 12 tetrahedral cations), as well as Pb up to 7.05 wt.% PbO. The Be is incorporated into scapolite via the coupled exchange [Be(OH)][Al(CO3,SO4)]—1. This is the first documentation of scapolite as the major repository for Be in a rock.

The romeite also contains substantial Pb, and shows extensive solid solution towards end-members containing Fe3+, Ti and Sb3+. In some analyses, the dominant end-members are and its Pb analogue rather than (Ca,Pb)2Sb2O7. Complex exsolution textures are displayed in the hyalophane, by hancockite-epidote, romeite-bindheimite and hedyphane-johnbaumite. Ca-rich scapolite and hancockite appear to be new minerals for the Långban deposit.

The mineralogy appears consistent with the regional peak conditions of P = 3 kbar, T > 600°C. Several potential thermobarometers for Mn-rich skarns are identified in this rock.

Keywords

hyalophane (plumboan)plagioclase (plumboan)scapolite (beryllian and plumboan)romeite-bindheimitehancockite-epidotehedyphane-johnbaumiteskarnLångbanSweden
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 69 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 995 - 1018
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2005

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