43 results
SUPPORT FOR GEOMETRIC POOLING
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- JEAN BACCELLI, RUSH T. STEWART
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- Journal:
- The Review of Symbolic Logic / Volume 16 / Issue 1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 October 2020, pp. 298-337
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- March 2023
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Supra-Bayesianism is the Bayesian response to learning the opinions of others. Probability pooling constitutes an alternative response. One natural question is whether there are cases where probability pooling gives the supra-Bayesian result. This has been called the problem of Bayes-compatibility for pooling functions. It is known that in a common prior setting, under standard assumptions, linear pooling cannot be nontrivially Bayes-compatible. We show by contrast that geometric pooling can be nontrivially Bayes-compatible. Indeed, we show that, under certain assumptions, geometric and Bayes-compatible pooling are equivalent. Granting supra-Bayesianism its usual normative status, one upshot of our study is thus that, in a certain class of epistemic contexts, geometric pooling enjoys a normative advantage over linear pooling as a social learning mechanism. We discuss the philosophical ramifications of this advantage, which we show to be robust to variations in our statement of the Bayes-compatibility problem.
139 Early Response with Valbenazine and Long-Term Symptom Reduction in Patients with Tardive Dyskinesia: Post Hoc Analysis of the KINECT 3 Study
- Stanley N. Caroff, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Stephen R. Marder, Stewart A. Factor, Khodayar Farahmand, Leslie Lundt
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 25 / Issue 2 / April 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 April 2020, pp. 288-289
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Study Objective:
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a persistent and potentially disabling movement disorder associated with prolonged exposure to antipsychotics and other dopamine receptor blocking agents. Valbenazine is a highly selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor approved for the treatment of TD in adults. Using data from a long-term study (KINECT 3; NCT02274558), the effects of once-daily valbenazine (40 mg, 80 mg) on TD were assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) in participants who were early responders based on subjective measures, including patient self-report (Patient Global Impression of Change [PGIC]) or clinician judgment (Clinical Impression of Change-Tardive Dyskinesia [CGI-TD]).
Methods:Data from KINECT 3 (6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled [DBPC] period; 42-week double-blind extension) were analyzed post hoc. Long-term outcomes included mean change from baseline to Week 48 in AIMS total score (sum of items 1-7) and AIMS response (≥50% total score improvement from baseline) at Week 48. These AIMS outcomes were assessed in participants who achieved early improvement, defined as a PGIC or CGI-TD score of ≤3 (“minimally improved” or better) at Week 2 (first post-baseline visit of the DBPC period). Participants who initially received placebo were not included in the analyses.
Results:In participants who received only valbenazine (40 or 80 mg) during KINECT 3 and had available Week 2 assessment, 50% (72/143) had early PGIC improvement (score ≤3) and 43% (61/142) had early CGI-TD improvement (score ≤3). Baseline characteristics were generally similar between participants who achieved early PGIC or CGI-TD improvement and those who did not. Based on available assessments at Week 48, mean AIMS total score change from baseline in participants with early PGIC improvement was similar to those who did not reach the early PGIC improvement threshold (-4.1 [n=35] vs -3.5 [n=41]). Mean AIMS total score change from baseline in participants with early CGI-TD improvement was similar to those who did not achieve early CGI-TD improvement (-4.2 [n=31] vs -3.5 [n=45]). AIMS response at Week 48 was also similar in those who achieved early PGIC and CGI-TD improvement (40% and 42%, respectively) compared to those who did not achieve early PGIC and CGI-TD improvement (39% and 38%, respectively).
Conclusions:Results from this long-term valbenazine trial indicate that many participants achieved at least minimal patient- and clinician-reported improvement at Week 2. AIMS outcomes at Week 48 demonstrated long-term reductions in TD severity regardless of early response. More research is needed to understand the association between early improvement and long-term treatment effects, but early non-improvement based on subjective measures may not be predictive of long-term treatment failure.
Presented:International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders; September 22-26, 2019; Nice, France.
Funding Acknowledgements:This study was sponsored by Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.
A five-step approach for developing and implementing a Rural Primary Health Care Model for Dementia: a community–academic partnership
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- Debra Morgan, Julie Kosteniuk, Dallas Seitz, Megan E. O’Connell, Andrew Kirk, Norma J. Stewart, Jayna Holroyd-Leduc, Jean Daku, Tracy Hack, Faye Hoium, Deb Kennett-Russill, Kristen Sauter
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- Journal:
- Primary Health Care Research & Development / Volume 20 / 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 May 2019, e29
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Aim
This study is aimed at developing a Rural Primary Health Care (PHC) Model for delivering comprehensive PHC for dementia in rural settings and addressing the gap in knowledge about disseminating and implementing evidence-based dementia care in a rural PHC context.
BackgroundLimited access to specialists and services in rural areas leads to increased responsibility for dementia diagnosis and management in PHC, yet a gap exists in evidence-based best practices for rural dementia care.
MethodsElements of the Rural PHC Model for Dementia were based on seven principles of effective PHC for dementia identified from published research and organized into three domains: team-based care, decision support, and specialist-to-provider support. Since 2013 the researchers have collaborated with a rural PHC team in a community of 1000 people in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan to operationalize these elements in ways that were feasible in the local context. The five-step approach included: building relationships; conducting a problem analysis/needs assessment; identifying core and adaptable elements of a decision support tool embedded in the model and resolving applicability issues; implementing and adapting the intervention with local stakeholders; and sustaining the model while incrementally scaling up.
ResultsDeveloping and sustaining relationships at regional and PHC team levels was critical. A comprehensive needs assessment identified challenges related to all domains of the Rural PHC Model. An existing decision support tool for dementia diagnosis and management was adapted and embedded in the team’s electronic medical record. Strategies for operationalizing other model elements included integrating team-based care co-ordination into the decision support tool and family-centered case conferences. Research team specialists provided educational sessions on topics identified by the PHC team. This paper provides an example of a community-based process for adapting evidence-based practice principles to a real-world setting.
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. 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- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
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- 05 August 2015
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- By Jimmy N. Avari, Joshua Berman, David A. Brent, Benjamin D. Brody, Carolyn Broudy, Gerard E. Bruder, Deborah L. Cabaniss, Megan S. Chesin, Melissa P. DelBello, Davangere P. Devanand, Jordan W. Eipper, Jean Endicott, Eric A. Fertuck, Michael B. First, Benicio N. Frey, Emily Gastelum, Lucas Giner, Barbara L. Gracious, David J. Hellerstein, Aerin M. Hyun, David A. Kahn, Jürgen Kayser, S. Aiden Kelly, James H. Kocsis, Robert A. Kowatch, Gonzalo Laje, Martin J. Lan, Kyle A. B. Lapidus, Frances R. Levin, Sarah H. Lisanby, J. John Mann, Sanjay J. Mathew, Patrick J. McGrath, Francis J. McMahon, Barnett S. Meyers, Luciano Minuzzi, Diana E. Moga, Philip R. Muskin, Edward V. Nunes, Maria A. Oquendo, Ramin V. Parsey, Joan Prudic, Annie E. Rabinovitch, Drew Ramsey, Steven P. Roose, Moacyr A. Rosa, Bret R. Rutherford, Roberto Sassi, Peter A. Shapiro, Margaret G. Spinelli, Barbara H. Stanley, Meir Steiner, Jonathan W. Stewart, M. Elizabeth Sublette, Craig E. Tenke, Jiuan Su Terman, Michael Terman, Michael E. Thase, Helen Verdeli, Myrna M. Weissman
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- Edited in association with Patrick J. McGrath, Columbia University, New York, Steven P. Roose, Columbia University, New York
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- Clinical Handbook for the Management of Mood Disorders
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- 05 May 2013
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- 09 May 2013, pp vii-x
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- By Jane E. Adcock, Yahya Aghakhani, A. Anand, Eva Andermann, Frederick Andermann, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Sandrine Aubert, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Carman Barba, Agatino Battaglia, Geneviève Bernard, Nadir E. Bharucha, Laurence A. Bindoff, William Bingaman, Francesca Bisulli, Thomas P. Bleck, Stewart G. Boyd, Andreas Brunklaus, Harry Bulstrode, Jorge G. Burneo, Laura Canafoglia, Laura Cantonetti, Roberto H. Caraballo, Fernando Cendes, Kevin E. Chapman, Patrick Chauvel, Richard F. M. Chin, H. T. Chong, Fahmida A. Chowdhury, Catherine J. Chu-Shore, Rolando Cimaz, Andrew J. Cole, Bernard Dan, Geoffrey Dean, Alessio De Ciantis, Fernando De Paolis, Rolando F. Del Maestro, Irissa M. Devine, Carlo Di Bonaventura, Concezio Di Rocco, Henry B. Dinsdale, Maria Alice Donati, François Dubeau, Michael Duchowny, Olivier Dulac, Monika Eisermann, Brent Elliott, Bernt A. Engelsen, Kevin Farrell, Natalio Fejerman, Rosalie E. Ferner, Silvana Franceschetti, Robert Friedlander, Antonio Gambardella, Hector H. Garcia, Serena Gasperini, Lorenzo Genitori, Gioia Gioi, Flavio Giordano, Leif Gjerstad, Daniel G. Glaze, Howard P. Goodkin, Sidney M. Gospe, Andrea Grassi, William P. Gray, Renzo Guerrini, Marie-Christine Guiot, William Harkness, Andrew G. Herzog, Linda Huh, Margaret J. Jackson, Thomas S. Jacques, Anna C. Jansen, Sigmund Jenssen, Michael R. Johnson, Dorothy Jones-Davis, Reetta Kälviäinen, Peter W. Kaplan, John F. Kerrigan, Autumn Marie Klein, Matthias Koepp, Edwin H. Kolodny, Kandan Kulandaivel, Ruben I. Kuzniecky, Ahmed Lary, Yolanda Lau, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Maria K. Lehtinen, Holger Lerche, Michael P. T. Lunn, Snezana Maljevic, Mark R. Manford, Carla Marini, Bindu Menon, Giulia Milioli, Eli M. Mizrahi, Manish Modi, Márcia Elisabete Morita, Manuel Murie-Fernandez, Vivek Nambiar, Lina Nashef, Vincent Navarro, Aidan Neligan, Ruth E. Nemire, Charles R. J. C. Newton, John O'Donavan, Hirokazu Oguni, Teiichi Onuma, Andre Palmini, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Pasquale Parisi, Elena Parrini, Liborio Parrino, Ignacio Pascual-Castroviejo, M. Scott Perry, Perrine Plouin, Charles E. Polkey, Suresh S. Pujar, Karthik Rajasekaran, R. Eugene Ramsey, Rahul Rathakrishnan, Roberta H. Raven, Guy M. Rémillard, David Rosenblatt, M. Elizabeth Ross, Abdulrahman Sabbagh, P. Satishchandra, Swati Sathe, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Philip A. Schwartzkroin, Rod C. Scott, Frédéric Sedel, Michelle J. Shapiro, Elliott H. Sherr, Michael Shevell, Simon D. Shorvon, Adrian M. Siegel, Gagandeep Singh, S. Sinha, Barbara Spacca, Waney Squier, Carl E. Stafstrom, Bernhard J. Steinhoff, Andrea Taddio, Gianpiero Tamburrini, C. T. Tan, Raymond Y. L. Tan, Erik Taubøll, Robert W. Teasell, Mario Giovanni Terzano, Federica Teutonico, Suzanne A. Tharin, Elizabeth A. Thiele, Pierre Thomas, Paolo Tinuper, Dorothée Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Sumeet Vadera, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Jean-Pierre Vignal, J. M. Walshe, Elizabeth J. Waterhouse, David Watkins, Ruth E. Williams, Yue-Hua Zhang, Benjamin Zifkin, Sameer M. Zuberi
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. 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Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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Random number generation by normal, alcoholic and schizophrenic subjects
- Stewart Rosenberg, Neville Weber, Marc-Antoine Crocq, Fabrice Duval, Jean-Paul Macher
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Controls (N = 45), schizophrenics (N = 20) and alcoholics (N =23) were asked to choose at random a number between 1 and 10, 100 times. The correlation matrices of five different randomization indices were used to study within group variation; these matrices were similar for the normal and alcoholic groups, but very different for the schizophrenic group. The differences between the three groups were studied by canonical analysis and, in terms of the canonical variables, the mean performance of the normal group is clearly discriminated from that of the alcoholic and schizophrenic subjects.
Part V - An observation in closing
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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Frontmatter
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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1 - Strategies, markets and governance
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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Summary
Every day, the news reminds us that the terms making up the title of this book are sadly at odds. We had just sent the manuscript to the publisher, when the European Commission released the findings of its energy sector competition inquiry, concluding that industrial customers and consumers were losing out due to inefficient gas and electricity markets. The report pointed to high levels of market concentration; anti-competitive integration of generation, networks and supply; unequal access to, and insufficient investment in infrastructure, and, possibly, market sharing cartels between operators. Going forward, the Commission intended to prosecute individual cases under EU competition rules and to further liberalize the sector, if necessary against the will of national governments.
At the end of 2006, the average annual salary of a programmer in Hungary ranged from $4,000 to $7,000, in India from $5,900 to $11,000, and in the USA from $60,000 to $80,000. The annual cost of a chip designer in Suzhou (China) was $24,000, i.e. $4,000 less than in Shanghai, $6,000 less than in Bangalore, $276,000 less than in Boston. Business reacts by outsourcing, off-shoring, and relocating production. For recipients, outsourcing provides employment, substitutes for imports and generates export earnings; for outsourcers and importers, like WalMart, contributing nearly one-fifth of China's total export volume, it sustains “every day low prices” to consumers. Still the ILO, WTO, EU, and NAFTA push for internationalizing employment standards and their enforcement through product labeling, trade sanctions and consumer boycotts.
16 - One competition standard to regulate global trade and protection?
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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On August 1, 2004, the WTO General Council's decision to implement the Doha Work Program fell notably short of the “breakthrough” they were proclaimed to achieve. To be sure, only two years after quarrels over including competition policy in the “millennium trade negotiation round” had brought the WTO Seattle summit to a sudden halt, the Doha Declaration of 2001 put the issue back on to the agenda. But already at the Fifth Ministerial Conference at Cancun in September 2003, competition policy concerns were separated from central deliberations, making it easy to exclude them altogether from the 2004 WTO implementation plan. By November 2005, WTO ministerial declarations no longer identified respective liberalization targets, but clearly reflected reduced ambitions. The significance of these events is often missed.
For nearly a decade, the EU and Japan had argued for an extension to the scope of GATT/WTO law, from its focus on public border measures to those domestic policies and private actions threatening to foreclose markets and distort competition. In their view, WTO members needed to enforce competition rules in line with shared principles for cases with an international dimension and to agree to agency cooperation and binding dispute settlement. All along, US trade representatives accepted the need for collaboration among authorities but saw no merit in a trade-focused forum setting competition standards, or “second-guessing complex national prosecutorial decisions.
9 - How the clean air interstate rule will affect investment and management decisions in the US electricity sector
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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Introduction Overview of the Clean Air Act Interstate Rule (CAIR)
The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970 (amended in 1977 and in 1990) is the US framework for establishing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and welfare and to control harmful emissions from sources of air pollution to achieve those standards. The Clean Air Act is administered by a federal agency, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
In July 1997, the EPA revised the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone and particulate matter. The new NAAQS for ozone changed the existing standard from one that measures ozone concentrations over a one-hour period to one that measures over an eight-hour period, and tightened the concentration of the pollutant from 120 parts per billion (ppb) to 80 ppb. For particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), the EPA identified NOx from fossil-fired power plants as a major contributor to ozone pollution, and acid aerosols (nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur-dioxide (SO2)) from fossil-fired power plants as fine particulates likely to be subject to additional controls.
The EPA designated eight-hour ozone and PM2.5 nonattainment areas (counties) based on ground-level monitoring of pollutant levels. If an area's monitored concentration of a pollutant exceeds the standard, then EPA categorizes that as nonattainment. Each state with a nonattainment area(s) then submits a plan for attainment (a State Implementation Plan or SIP).
Index
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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Strategies, Markets and Governance
- Exploring Commercial and Regulatory Agendas
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- 06 July 2010
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- 01 May 2008
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Strategies, Markets and Governance addresses governance concerns at firm, industry, country and international levels. How do regulatory authorities deal with new business models, organizational structures and blurring market relations? What limits regulatory control and what are the implications of corporate self-regulation? What drives the spread of new regulation and what limits its effectiveness? How does 'the organized public' shape political and corporate interests and what is its legitimacy and impact on business? How do corporate strategies turn tighter regulation into profit opportunities, deliver public benefits in the face of predatory states and when is exit the only option left? The contributing authors are leading researchers on governance and public policy, and present assessments of these questions in a variety of institutional and international contexts. The book is ideally suited to advanced students of business, public policy and business regulation, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
2 - Competitive advantage and the regulation of dominant firms
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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More than 110 years after passing the US Sherman Act and nearly half a century after the enactment of EU competition rules, antitrust authorities on both sides of the Atlantic continue to search for general principles to assess the abuse of market power by dominant firms. But just as recent, high-profile cases, involving corporations such as American Airlines, 3M, Michelin, Deutsche Telekom, IMS Health or Microsoft, left the law unsettled, ongoing policy reviews, organized by the European Commission, the US Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission, have yet to clarify standards for dominance abuse as well as viable efficiency defenses. Business needs guidance on permissible practices, but drafting acceptable rules is far from simple. This chapter contrasts business and regulatory views on competitive advantage and offers a non-technical sketch of US and EU approaches to assessing market power and its potential abuse. Do current EU reform initiatives address vital policy concerns?
Competitive advantage – business and regulation
The tasks of devising a competitive strategy and assessing its economic impact focus on the same question: How can a company attain and sustain above-industry-average profitability? Answers provided by business and antitrust authorities frequently differ, which is surprising, given that both sides are often guided by the same economic references.
Regulatory authorities apply concepts from industrial and institutional economics in assessing and, for the purpose of rule writing, pre-judging the viability and welfare effects of diverse market structures and types of firm behavior.
12 - On governing natural resources
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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Issues and barriers to adjustment
Environmental degradation, defined by the UN as one, and possibly the main, threat facing mankind, apparently meets with little effective response.
For one, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (IPCC), avoiding levels of CO2 concentration that would make current global warming trends irreversible requires the industrialized world to cut emissions to 25% of the current level by 2050, i.e. the immediate and full implementation of the Kyoto protocol by all countries including the US. In addition the fast-rising emission levels in the industrializing world need to be curbed. But the Kyoto-follow-up conference in Montreal in 2005 broke down as the US maintained its unilateral stance and developing countries rejected any “eco-colonial” restraints on their legitimate desire to catch-up. Next, melting polar ice caps, which drastically cut the level of deflected solar radiation, redirect the Gulf Stream, raise sea levels and dramatically transform flora and fauna in coastal and lower inland areas, were the main reason behind the creation of the Arctic Council in 1996. But eleven years on, the US, Canada and Russia are still unable to agree on even one countermeasure. Also, rising seas and – as a result of overstocking or over-ploughing land and deforestation – advancing deserts are shrinking the areas that are capable of supporting human habitation. Currently, China alone loses 1,400 square miles to deserts annually; in northern Africa, the Sahara pushes the populations of Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria northward toward the Mediterranean; in the south, Nigeria, whose human and livestock population during the second half of the twentieth century grew 4-fold and 11-fold respectively, loses more than 1,300 square miles of rangeland and cropland to desertification per year.
8 - Oil and conflict: Lundin Petroleum's experience in Sudan
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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Introduction
Lundin Petroleum obtained the rights to explore for and produce oil and gas in concession Block 5A, Unity State, Sudan, in February 1997; it sold these rights in June 2003.
During the period in which the company was active in Sudan, it operated in the belief that oil could benefit the economic development of the area and the country as a whole, and that this would have a catalyzing effect on the peace process. The problems which it encountered in the area, however, led the company to constantly reassess its activities, role and responsibilities there.
This chapter examines the reasons why Lundin decided to operate in Sudan, the challenges it faced in the course of its activities, the steps it adopted to satisfy both its commercial objectives and ethical concerns, and its efforts to promote a peaceful resolution of the conflict.
Sudan's war
Sudan has been embroiled in a civil war that began shortly after it gained independence from the UK in 1956. It is one of the longest and most tragic wars of modern history: fighting has taken place for nearly 50 years, with a single reprieve between 1972 and 1983. The Government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), led by rebel leader John Garang, are the main protagonists in the conflict which resumed in 1983, although armed militias in different parts of the country have also been involved at various times.
Contents
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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Part II - Firm-level
- Ralf Boscheck, Christine Batruch, Stewart Hamilton, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, Caryl Pfeiffer, Ulrich Steger, Michael Yaziji
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- Strategies, Markets and Governance
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