5 results
Assessing response, remission, and treatment resistance in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder with and without tic disorders: results from a multicenter study
- Beatrice Benatti, Nicolaja Girone, Dario Conti, Rita Cafaro, Caterina Viganò, Matteo Briguglio, Donatella Marazziti, Federico Mucci, Orsola Gambini, Benedetta Demartini, Antonio Tundo, Roberta Necci, Domenico De Berardis, Roberta Galentino, Sara De Michele, Roberta Balestrino, Umberto Albert, Sylvia Rigardetto, Giuseppe Maina, Giacomo Grassi, Stefano Pallanti, Andrea Amerio, Andrea Aguglia, Davide Prestia, Mario Amore, Alberto Priori, Domenico Servello, Mauro Porta, Bernardo Dell’Osso
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 27 / Issue 6 / December 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 September 2021, pp. 747-753
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Background
Highlighting the relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and tic disorder (TD), two highly disabling, comorbid, and difficult-to-treat conditions, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) acknowledged a new “tic-related” specifier for OCD, ie, obsessive–compulsive tic-related disorder (OCTD). As patients with OCTD may frequently show poor treatment response, the aim of this multicenter study was to investigate rates and clinical correlates of response, remission, and treatment resistance in a large multicenter sample of OCD patients with versus without tics.
MethodsA sample of 398 patients with a DSM-5 diagnosis of OCD with and without comorbid TD was assessed from 10 different psychiatric departments across Italy. For the purpose of the study, treatment response profiles in the whole sample were analyzed comparing the rates of response, remission, and treatment-resistance as well as related clinical features. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify possible factors associated with treatment response.
ResultsThe remission group was associated with later ages of onset of TD and OCD. Moreover, significantly higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities, TD, and lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts emerged in the treatment-resistant group, with larger degrees of perceived worsened quality of life and family involvement.
ConclusionsAlthough remission was associated with later ages of OCD and TD onset, specific clinical factors, such as early onset and presence of psychiatric comorbidities and concomitant TD, predicted a worse treatment response with a significant impairment in quality of life for both patients and their caregivers, suggesting a worse profile of treatment response for patients with OCTD.
Suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts in patients with obsessive-compulsive tic-related disorder vs obsessive-compulsive disorder: results of a multicenter Italian study
- Beatrice Benatti, Silvia Ferrari, Benedetta Grancini, Nicolaja Girone, Matteo Briguglio, Donatella Marazziti, Federico Mucci, Liliana Dell’Osso, Orsola Gambini, Benedetta Demartini, Antonio Tundo, Roberta Necci, Domenico De Berardis, Roberta Galentino, Sara De Michele, Umberto Albert, Sylvia Rigardetto, Giuseppe Maina, Giacomo Grassi, Stefano Pallanti, Andrea Amerio, Mario Amore, Alberto Priori, Domenico Servello, Caterina Viganò, Monica Bosi, Anna Colombo, Mauro Porta, Bernardo Dell’Osso
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 26 / Issue 4 / August 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 May 2020, pp. 354-361
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Background
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and tic disorder (TD) represent highly disabling, chronic and often comorbid psychiatric conditions. While recent studies showed a high risk of suicide for patients with OCD, little is known about those patients with comorbid TD (OCTD). Aim of this study was to characterize suicidal behaviors among patients with OCD and OCTD.
MethodsThree hundred and thirteen outpatients with OCD (n = 157) and OCTD (n = 156) were recruited from nine different psychiatric Italian departments and assessed using an ad-hoc developed questionnaire investigating, among other domains, suicide attempt (SA) and ideation (SI). The sample was divided into four subgroups: OCD with SA (OCD-SA), OCD without SA (OCD-noSA), OCTD with SA (OCTD-SA), and OCTD without SA (OCTD-noSA).
ResultsNo differences between groups were found in terms of SI, while SA rates were significantly higher in patients with OCTD compared to patients with OCD. OCTD-SA group showed a significant male prevalence and higher unemployment rates compared to OCD-SA and OCD-noSA sample. Both OCTD-groups showed an earlier age of psychiatric comorbidity onset (other than TD) compared to the OCD-SA sample. Moreover, patients with OCTD-SA showed higher rates of other psychiatric comorbidities and positive psychiatric family history compared to the OCD-SA group and to the OCD-noSA groups. OCTD-SA and OCD-SA samples showed higher rates of antipsychotics therapies and treatment resistance compared to OCD-noSA groups.
ConclusionsPatients with OCTD vs with OCD showed a significantly higher rate of SA with no differences in SI. In particular, OCTD-SA group showed different unfavorable epidemiological and clinical features which need to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
Health status in adolescents: which relation with family image?
- Simona Villani, Mario Grassi, Alessandra Marinoni, Gruppo Di Lavoro Adolescenti
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- Journal:
- Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale / Volume 6 / Issue 1 / April 1997
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 October 2011, pp. 59-68
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Introduction — Many studies have been carried out recently to investigate the relationship between health conditions and family and self characteristics. Objectives — To identify family characteristics (such as type of family, socio-economic status, parent immigration, affection for parents, parents' psychological and physical health) and self characteristics (age, drug use, satisfaction for several life circumstances, psychosomatic symptomatology) that are differently distributed by sex and levels of psychological and physical distress among teen-agers. Methods — We carried out a cross-sectional study on a sample of teen-agers attending high schools in Pavia (Italy), using a self-administered questionnaire. The students were divided in four groups having different levels of psychological and physical distress, based on GHQ-30 (psychological distress indicator), on the number of hospital admissions and consultations to a physician in the last year (the last two are physical distress indicator). Data were analysed applying the multivariate analisy of Canonical Variate. Results — 1346 students were sampled, but only 1189 questionnaire were analysed: 36.8% regarding males and 63.2% females. The Canonical Variate analysis indicated that psycosomatic symptomatology, satisfaction for several life circumstances and affection for parents are important for describing the four distress groups. Conclusions — Only affection for parents has an important role on psychological and physical distress of adolescents, while family characteristics traditionally considered associated with psychological and physical distress in teen-agers (such as living with one or without parents, low socio-economic status) are not associated.
Contributors
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- By Jane E. Adcock, Yahya Aghakhani, A. Anand, Eva Andermann, Frederick Andermann, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Sandrine Aubert, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Carman Barba, Agatino Battaglia, Geneviève Bernard, Nadir E. Bharucha, Laurence A. Bindoff, William Bingaman, Francesca Bisulli, Thomas P. Bleck, Stewart G. Boyd, Andreas Brunklaus, Harry Bulstrode, Jorge G. Burneo, Laura Canafoglia, Laura Cantonetti, Roberto H. Caraballo, Fernando Cendes, Kevin E. Chapman, Patrick Chauvel, Richard F. M. Chin, H. T. Chong, Fahmida A. Chowdhury, Catherine J. Chu-Shore, Rolando Cimaz, Andrew J. Cole, Bernard Dan, Geoffrey Dean, Alessio De Ciantis, Fernando De Paolis, Rolando F. Del Maestro, Irissa M. Devine, Carlo Di Bonaventura, Concezio Di Rocco, Henry B. Dinsdale, Maria Alice Donati, François Dubeau, Michael Duchowny, Olivier Dulac, Monika Eisermann, Brent Elliott, Bernt A. Engelsen, Kevin Farrell, Natalio Fejerman, Rosalie E. Ferner, Silvana Franceschetti, Robert Friedlander, Antonio Gambardella, Hector H. Garcia, Serena Gasperini, Lorenzo Genitori, Gioia Gioi, Flavio Giordano, Leif Gjerstad, Daniel G. Glaze, Howard P. Goodkin, Sidney M. Gospe, Andrea Grassi, William P. Gray, Renzo Guerrini, Marie-Christine Guiot, William Harkness, Andrew G. Herzog, Linda Huh, Margaret J. Jackson, Thomas S. Jacques, Anna C. Jansen, Sigmund Jenssen, Michael R. Johnson, Dorothy Jones-Davis, Reetta Kälviäinen, Peter W. Kaplan, John F. Kerrigan, Autumn Marie Klein, Matthias Koepp, Edwin H. Kolodny, Kandan Kulandaivel, Ruben I. Kuzniecky, Ahmed Lary, Yolanda Lau, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Maria K. Lehtinen, Holger Lerche, Michael P. T. Lunn, Snezana Maljevic, Mark R. Manford, Carla Marini, Bindu Menon, Giulia Milioli, Eli M. Mizrahi, Manish Modi, Márcia Elisabete Morita, Manuel Murie-Fernandez, Vivek Nambiar, Lina Nashef, Vincent Navarro, Aidan Neligan, Ruth E. Nemire, Charles R. J. C. Newton, John O'Donavan, Hirokazu Oguni, Teiichi Onuma, Andre Palmini, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Pasquale Parisi, Elena Parrini, Liborio Parrino, Ignacio Pascual-Castroviejo, M. Scott Perry, Perrine Plouin, Charles E. Polkey, Suresh S. Pujar, Karthik Rajasekaran, R. Eugene Ramsey, Rahul Rathakrishnan, Roberta H. Raven, Guy M. Rémillard, David Rosenblatt, M. Elizabeth Ross, Abdulrahman Sabbagh, P. Satishchandra, Swati Sathe, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Philip A. Schwartzkroin, Rod C. Scott, Frédéric Sedel, Michelle J. Shapiro, Elliott H. Sherr, Michael Shevell, Simon D. Shorvon, Adrian M. Siegel, Gagandeep Singh, S. Sinha, Barbara Spacca, Waney Squier, Carl E. Stafstrom, Bernhard J. Steinhoff, Andrea Taddio, Gianpiero Tamburrini, C. T. Tan, Raymond Y. L. Tan, Erik Taubøll, Robert W. Teasell, Mario Giovanni Terzano, Federica Teutonico, Suzanne A. Tharin, Elizabeth A. Thiele, Pierre Thomas, Paolo Tinuper, Dorothée Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Sumeet Vadera, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Jean-Pierre Vignal, J. M. Walshe, Elizabeth J. Waterhouse, David Watkins, Ruth E. Williams, Yue-Hua Zhang, Benjamin Zifkin, Sameer M. Zuberi
- Edited by Simon D. Shorvon, Frederick Andermann, Renzo Guerrini
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- Book:
- The Causes of Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 05 March 2012
- Print publication:
- 14 April 2011, pp ix-xvi
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Chapter 91 - Sleep
- from Section 4 - Provoked epilepsies
- Edited by Simon D. Shorvon, Frederick Andermann, Renzo Guerrini
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- The Causes of Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 05 March 2012
- Print publication:
- 14 April 2011, pp 643-649
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Summary
Bacterial meningitis is infection of the nervous system confined to the meninges and subarachnoid space. Cranial suppurative disorders include intracranial abscesses and subdural empyemas and, less commonly, epidural (extradural) empyemas. Pyogenic bacterial abscesses can be single or multiple. Acute symptomatic seizures due to neurological insults increase the risk for unprovoked seizures/epilepsy, this risk being less than the risk of a second seizure following an unprovoked seizure. Initial immediate investigations include lumbar puncture in the absence of evidence of raised intracranial pressure, blood cultures, and routine blood tests including inflammatory markers, before prompt empirical therapy. The burden of epilepsy due to bacterial meningitis can be reduced by early diagnosis and effective therapy of the meningitis, and reduction in rates of bacterial meningitis and thereby associated epilepsy though vaccinations, disease surveillance, and treatment of close contacts.