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The Qualitative Transparency Deliberations: Insights and Implications
- Alan M. Jacobs, Tim Büthe, Ana Arjona, Leonardo R. Arriola, Eva Bellin, Andrew Bennett, Lisa Björkman, Erik Bleich, Zachary Elkins, Tasha Fairfield, Nikhar Gaikwad, Sheena Chestnut Greitens, Mary Hawkesworth, Veronica Herrera, Yoshiko M. Herrera, Kimberley S. Johnson, Ekrem Karakoç, Kendra Koivu, Marcus Kreuzer, Milli Lake, Timothy W. Luke, Lauren M. MacLean, Samantha Majic, Rahsaan Maxwell, Zachariah Mampilly, Robert Mickey, Kimberly J. Morgan, Sarah E. Parkinson, Craig Parsons, Wendy Pearlman, Mark A. Pollack, Elliot Posner, Rachel Beatty Riedl, Edward Schatz, Carsten Q. Schneider, Jillian Schwedler, Anastasia Shesterinina, Erica S. Simmons, Diane Singerman, Hillel David Soifer, Nicholas Rush Smith, Scott Spitzer, Jonas Tallberg, Susan Thomson, Antonio Y. Vázquez-Arroyo, Barbara Vis, Lisa Wedeen, Juliet A. Williams, Elisabeth Jean Wood, Deborah J. Yashar
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- Journal:
- Perspectives on Politics / Volume 19 / Issue 1 / March 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 January 2021, pp. 171-208
- Print publication:
- March 2021
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- Article
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In recent years, a variety of efforts have been made in political science to enable, encourage, or require scholars to be more open and explicit about the bases of their empirical claims and, in turn, make those claims more readily evaluable by others. While qualitative scholars have long taken an interest in making their research open, reflexive, and systematic, the recent push for overarching transparency norms and requirements has provoked serious concern within qualitative research communities and raised fundamental questions about the meaning, value, costs, and intellectual relevance of transparency for qualitative inquiry. In this Perspectives Reflection, we crystallize the central findings of a three-year deliberative process—the Qualitative Transparency Deliberations (QTD)—involving hundreds of political scientists in a broad discussion of these issues. Following an overview of the process and the key insights that emerged, we present summaries of the QTD Working Groups’ final reports. Drawing on a series of public, online conversations that unfolded at www.qualtd.net, the reports unpack transparency’s promise, practicalities, risks, and limitations in relation to different qualitative methodologies, forms of evidence, and research contexts. Taken as a whole, these reports—the full versions of which can be found in the Supplementary Materials—offer practical guidance to scholars designing and implementing qualitative research, and to editors, reviewers, and funders seeking to develop criteria of evaluation that are appropriate—as understood by relevant research communities—to the forms of inquiry being assessed. We dedicate this Reflection to the memory of our coauthor and QTD working group leader Kendra Koivu.1
25 - Moths
- Edited by Norman Maclean, University of Southampton
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- Book:
- Silent Summer
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 May 2010, pp 448-470
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- Chapter
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Summary
Summary
Moths are a diverse group of insects (around 2500 species in Britain and Ireland) that make a significant contribution to our biodiversity. Despite being a species-rich group, the popularity of moth recording has made it feasible to assess rates of species colonisation and local extinction, conservation status and, for hundreds of macro-moth species, long-term population trends in Britain.
The moth fauna of Britain is constantly changing, with small numbers of species colonising the country or becoming extinct each decade. Set against this small turnover of species is the dramatic evidence of a severe decline in moth numbers, most notably in the south-east of Britain. The unique monitoring data available from the Rothamsted light-trap network show that the total number of moths captured nationally declined by almost a third between 1968 and 2002, although there was no overall decline evident in northern Britain. Two-thirds of the 337 individual species of common larger moth examined in detail had declined in abundance during that period. Over 20% of these common species have decreased so severely that they qualify as nationally threatened species under internationally recognised criteria. Such widespread declines are likely to have serious detrimental knock-on effects on other organisms and signal a wider biodiversity crisis.
Introduction
The significance of moths
Moths are one of the largest insect groups both in Britain and globally, and thus make up a significant part of our biodiversity. About 2500 species have been recorded in Britain and Ireland.