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Contributors
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- By Gregory H. Adkisson, Ozan Akça, Nawar Al-Rawas, John T. Anderson, Richard M. Bednarski, Francesca Bernabè, David G. Bjoraker, Lluis Blanch, Stephan H. Böhm, Edwin A. Bowe, Philip G. Boysen, Justin C. Cahill, Ira M. Cheifetz, David C. Cone, Nancy Craig, Daniel P. Davis, John B. Downs, Ronald Dueck, Jay L. Falk, Roger Fletcher, Michael A. Frakes, Andrea Gabrielli, Thomas J. Gallagher, Geoff Gilmartin, J. S. Gravenstein, Antonino Gullo, Donna Hamel, John W. Huang, Amy V. Isenberg, Michael B. Jaffe, Michael C. K. Khoo, Robert R. Kirby, E. F. Klein, A. Joseph Layon, Umberto Lucangelo, Emilio Maldonado, Paul E. Marik, Alicia E. Meuret, Timothy E. Morey, William Muir, Joseph A. Orr, Mehmet S. Ozcan, Lucía Isabel Passoni, David A. Paulus, Yong G. Peng, Carl W. Peters, George A. Ralls, Adriana G. Scandurra, Peter W. Scherer, Gerd Schmalisch, Adam Seiver, Salvatore Silvestri, Bob Smalhout, Fernando Suarez-Sipmann, Daniel E. Supkis, John Thompson, Patrick Troy, Jonathon D. Truwit, Gerardo Tusman, Joseph Varon, Ajeet G. Vinayak, Kevin R. Ward, Marvin A. Wayne, Charles Weissman, Dafna Willner, Kai Zhao, Christian C. Zuver
- Edited by J. S. Gravenstein, University of Florida, Michael B. Jaffe, Nikolaus Gravenstein, University of Florida, David A. Paulus, University of Florida
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- Book:
- Capnography
- Published online:
- 05 August 2011
- Print publication:
- 17 March 2011, pp ix-xii
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Impact of Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuations on Vadose-zone Contaminant Plumes
- Wayne C. Downs
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 757 / 2002
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 February 2011, II3.26
- Print publication:
- 2002
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Field and laboratory studies have been underway at the INEEL and BYU to investigate the effect of atmospheric pressure fluctuations on the migration of contaminant plumes.
In the field, two vadose-zone piezometer nests were instrumented to measure soil-pressures and carbon tetrachloride concentrations at depths of roughly 78-ft, 112-ft., and 150-ft., below ground surface in wells 25-ft. apart. At land surface, a manifold was constructed to systematically rotate from port to port at 15-minute increments of time. Contaminant concentrations were measured at each rotation, and soil pressures were measured at all ports at 15-minute increments. Atmospheric pressures were also recorded. Results showed that atmospheric pressure changes propagated downward lagged in time and dampened in amplitude. Carbon tetrachloride concentrations were observed to decrease with pressure increases at each port, suggesting that pressure increases pushed the plume downward. Increases in concentration were observed with decreases in pressure. Concentrations were observed to change at a port by as much as an order of magnitude. Modeling is underway to assist in isolating the transport mechanisms involved and assist in quantifying the effect of varied pneumatic permeability on pressure propagation.
Laboratory work is underway at BYU to more carefully isolate the mechanisms of diffusive transport and pressure fluctuation in unsaturated conditions. A sealed soil column has been packed with sand and instrumented with a contaminant reservoir at one end and concentration sensor at the other. A mechanical syringe is used to vary the pressure within the tube, and pressure sensors have been emplaced.
An affiliation has been established with researchers at the DOE Sandia laboratory to utilize a novel non-invasive vapor detector in our sealed-column laboratory work.
Gas Contaminant Mobility at Subsurface Disposal Area
- Wayne C. Downs, Chang H. Oh, Todd Housley, Jeff Sondup
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 713 / 2002
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 March 2011, JJ11.48
- Print publication:
- 2002
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Beginning in 1952, waste materials, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs)contaminated with transuranic radionuclides, were generated during the fabrication, assembly, and processing of nuclear weapons components in the US Department of Energy (DOE) weapons productions complex at the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP). Following processing and containerization, drums were shipped to the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA) at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). During 1968 approximately 9,691 drums were buried there.
In subsequent years, observations made during drum retrieval studies indicated that many of the drums were compromised on impact or suffered physical damage by compaction equipment shortly after burial. Corrosion also appears significant on drums buried for a few years. A large vadose-zone contaminant plume composed of solvents buried in the drums has been found beneath the burial area.
Phase partitioning calculations show it unlikely that separate-phase solvent has leaked from the compromised drums deep into the soil profile or that solvents have dissolved into infiltrating water. Rather, it appears that the solvents are evaporating out of the barrels into the air phase and further partitioning from there throughout the subsurface.
This paper describes the history of mixed wastes buried at the SDA, phase partitioning, and preliminary computer simulation results on gas contaminant mobility in the vadose zone.
Looking Backward, Looking Forward: MLA Members Speak
- April Alliston, Elizabeth Ammons, Jean Arnold, Nina Baym, Sandra L. Beckett, Peter G. Beidler, Roger A. Berger, Sandra Bermann, J.J. Wilson, Troy Boone, Alison Booth, Wayne C. Booth, James Phelan, Marie Borroff, Ihab Hassan, Ulrich Weisstein, Zack Bowen, Jill Campbell, Dan Campion, Jay Caplan, Maurice Charney, Beverly Lyon Clark, Robert A. Colby, Thomas C. Coleman III, Nicole Cooley, Richard Dellamora, Morris Dickstein, Terrell Dixon, Emory Elliott, Caryl Emerson, Ann W. Engar, Lars Engle, Kai Hammermeister, N. N. Feltes, Mary Anne Ferguson, Annie Finch, Shelley Fisher Fishkin, Jerry Aline Flieger, Norman Friedman, Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, Sandra M. Gilbert, Laurie Grobman, George Guida, Liselotte Gumpel, R. K. Gupta, Florence Howe, Cathy L. Jrade, Richard A. Kaye, Calhoun Winton, Murray Krieger, Robert Langbaum, Richard A. Lanham, Marilee Lindemann, Paul Michael Lützeler, Thomas J. Lynn, Juliet Flower MacCannell, Michelle A. Massé, Irving Massey, Georges May, Christian W. Hallstein, Gita May, Lucy McDiarmid, Ellen Messer-Davidow, Koritha Mitchell, Robin Smiles, Kenyatta Albeny, George Monteiro, Joel Myerson, Alan Nadel, Ashton Nichols, Jeffrey Nishimura, Neal Oxenhandler, David Palumbo-Liu, Vincent P. Pecora, David Porter, Nancy Potter, Ronald C. Rosbottom, Elias L. Rivers, Gerhard F. Strasser, J. L. Styan, Marianna De Marco Torgovnick, Gary Totten, David van Leer, Asha Varadharajan, Orrin N. C. Wang, Sharon Willis, Louise E. Wright, Donald A. Yates, Takayuki Yokota-Murakami, Richard E. Zeikowitz, Angelika Bammer, Dale Bauer, Karl Beckson, Betsy A. Bowen, Stacey Donohue, Sheila Emerson, Gwendolyn Audrey Foster, Jay L. Halio, Karl Kroeber, Terence Hawkes, William B. Hunter, Mary Jambus, Willard F. King, Nancy K. Miller, Jody Norton, Ann Pellegrini, S. P. Rosenbaum, Lorie Roth, Robert Scholes, Joanne Shattock, Rosemary T. VanArsdel, Alfred Bendixen, Alarma Kathleen Brown, Michael J. Kiskis, Debra A. Castillo, Rey Chow, John F. Crossen, Robert F. Fleissner, Regenia Gagnier, Nicholas Howe, M. Thomas Inge, Frank Mehring, Hyungji Park, Jahan Ramazani, Kenneth M. Roemer, Deborah D. Rogers, A. LaVonne Brown Ruoff, Regina M. Schwartz, John T. Shawcross, Brenda R. Silver, Andrew von Hendy, Virginia Wright Wexman, Britta Zangen, A. Owen Aldridge, Paula R. Backscheider, Roland Bartel, E. M. Forster, Milton Birnbaum, Jonathan Bishop, Crystal Downing, Frank H. Ellis, Roberto Forns-Broggi, James R. Giles, Mary E. Giles, Susan Blair Green, Madelyn Gutwirth, Constance B. Hieatt, Titi Adepitan, Edgar C. Knowlton, Jr., Emanuel Mussman, Sally Todd Nelson, Robert O. Preyer, David Diego Rodriguez, Guy Stern, James Thorpe, Robert J. Wilson, Rebecca S. Beal, Joyce Simutis, Betsy Bowden, Sara Cooper, Wheeler Winston Dixon, Tarek el Ariss, Richard Jewell, John W. Kronik, Wendy Martin, Stuart Y. McDougal, Hugo Méndez-Ramírez, Ivy Schweitzer, Armand E. Singer, G. Thomas Tanselle, Tom Bishop, Mary Ann Caws, Marcel Gutwirth, Christophe Ippolito, Lawrence D. Kritzman, James Longenbach, Tim McCracken, Wolfe S. Molitor, Diane Quantic, Gregory Rabassa, Ellen M. Tsagaris, Anthony C. Yu, Betty Jean Craige, Wendell V. Harris, J. Hillis Miller, Jesse G. Swan, Helene Zimmer-Loew, Peter Berek, James Chandler, Hanna K. Charney, Philip Cohen, Judith Fetterley, Herbert Lindenberger, Julia Reinhard Lupton, Maximillian E. Novak, Richard Ohmann, Marjorie Perloff, Mark Reynolds, James Sledd, Harriet Turner, Marie Umeh, Flavia Aloya, Regina Barreca, Konrad Bieber, Ellis Hanson, William J. Hyde, Holly A. Laird, David Leverenz, Allen Michie, J. Wesley Miller, Marvin Rosenberg, Daniel R. Schwarz, Elizabeth Welt Trahan, Jean Fagan Yellin
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- Journal:
- PMLA / Publications of the Modern Language Association of America / Volume 115 / Issue 7 / December 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 October 2020, pp. 1986-2078
- Print publication:
- December 2000
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