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Page 1 of 5

The Sea in History - The Modern World
  • Edited by Christian Buchet, N. A. M. Rodger
  • Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    26 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017
  • How important has the sea been in the development of human history? Very important indeed is the conclusion of this ground-breaking four volume work. The books bring together the world's leading maritime historians, who address the question of what difference the sea has made in relation to around 250 situations ranging from the earliest times to the present. They consider, across the entire world, subjects related to human migration, trade, economic development, warfare, the building of political units including states and empires, the dissemination of ideas, culture and religion, and much more, showing how the sea was crucial to all these aspects of human development.
    The Sea in History - The Modern World covers the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, when the global reach of major powers frequently brought them into conflict with each other, including conflict at sea. The many majors wars at sea of the period are discussed, as are the planning and strategic thinkingof the major powers in cases both where war followed and where it did not, and in addition the role and thinking of less important powers such as Portugal and Denmark are analysed. The book considershow in this first great age of 'globalisation' seaborne trade helped many countries to prosperity by participation in the global economy, a process halted by the First World War and not resumed untilthe 1950s. The book also examines maritime resources including fishing and whaling; ships, shipbuilding, ports and navigation; and the logistics of supporting long distance maritime activity. One very interesting chapter on late imperial China shows how China's then failure to take maritime issues seriously was a major factor in the empire's collapse.

    58 of the contributions are in English; 6 are in French.

    N. A. M. RODGER is a Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford CHRISTIAN BUCHET is Professor of Maritime History, Catholic University of Paris, Scientific Director of Océanides and a member of l'Académie de marine.

The Sea in History - The Medieval World
  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Michel Balard
  • Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    19 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017
  • How important has the sea been in the development of human history? Very important indeed is the conclusion of this ground-breaking four volume work. The books bring together the world's leading maritime historians, who address the question of what difference the sea has made in relation to around 250 situations ranging from the earliest times to the present. They consider, across the entire world, subjects related to human migration, trade, economic development, warfare, the building of political units including states and empires, the dissemination of ideas, culture and religion, and much more, showing how the sea was crucial to all these aspects of human development.
    The Sea in History - The Medieval World covers the period from the end of the Roman Empire in the West up to around the year 1500. It demonstrates that for many peoples and states in this period the sea was central to their existence - the Vikings, the Hanse, Venice, Genoa, the Normans - and it shows also how important the sea was for states which are not normally thought of as maritime powers, such as Byzantium, the Crusader states and the Mongol Empire. The book is global in its coverage, including material on East and Southeast Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean and Africa, with particularly interesting material on China's extensive voyages of exploration in the fifteenth century, the roleof the Vikings in the early formation of Russia, and on the building of ships, appropriate to local conditions, in different parts of the world.

    40 of the contributions are in English; 34 are in French.

    MICHEL BALARD is Emeritus Professor at the University Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne. CHRISTIAN BUCHET is Professor of Maritime History, Catholic University of Paris, Scientific Director of Océanides and a member of l'Académie de marine.

The Sea in History - The Early Modern World
  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Gérard Le Bouëdec
  • Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    11 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017
  • How important has the sea been in the development of human history? Very important indeed is the conclusion of this ground-breaking four volume work. The books bring together the world's leading maritime historians, who address the question of what difference the sea has made in relation to around 250 situations ranging from the earliest times to the present. They consider, across the entire world, subjects related to human migration, trade, economic development, warfare, the building of political units including states and empires, the dissemination of ideas, culture and religion, and much more, showing how the sea was crucial to all these aspects of human development.
    The Sea in History - The Early Modern World covers the period from around the end of the fifteenth century up to the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815. It examines the establishment and growth of 'the Atlantic World', but also considers maritime developments in the Indian Ocean, Southeast and East Asia and Africa, and highlights the continuing importance of the North Sea and the Baltic. A very wide range of maritime subjects is explored including trade, which went through a huge global expansion in this period; fishing; shipping, shipbuilding, navigation and ports; the role of the sea in the dissemination of religious ideas; the nature of life for sailors in different places and periods; and the impact of trade in particularly important commodities, including wine, slaves, sugar and tobacco. One particularly interesting chapter is on the Hanse, the important maritime commercial 'empire' based in north Germany, which extended much more widely than is often realised and whose significance and huge impact have often been overlooked.

    33 of the contributions are in English; 42 are in French.

    CHRISTIAN BUCHET is Professor of Maritime History, Catholic University of Paris, Scientific Director of Océanides and a member of l'Académie de marine.

    GÉRARD LE BOUDEC is Emeritus Professor of the University of South Brittany.

The Sea in History - The Ancient World
  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Pascal Arnaud, Philip de Souza
  • Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    20 April 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017
  • How important has the sea been in the development of human history? Very important indeed is the conclusion of this ground-breaking four volume work. The books bring together the world's leading maritime historians, who address the question of what difference the sea has made in relation to around 250 situations ranging from the earliest times to the present. They consider, across the entire world, subjects related to human migration, trade, economic development, warfare, the building of political units including states and empires, the dissemination of ideas, culture and religion, and much more, showing how the sea was crucial to all these aspects of human development.
    The Sea in History - The Ancient World ranges very widely in its coverage, beginning with pre-historicalmaritime activity and going on to cover not only the classical Greek and Roman Mediterranean and Near Eastern worlds but also Africa, Asia and the Americas. Fascinating subjects covered include the migration of the Taíno people in the pre-historic Caribbean, the Athenian maritime empire at its height, the port of Alexandria in classical times, and ships, sailors and kingdoms in ancient SoutheastAsia.

    25 of the contributions are in English; 18 are in French.

    PHILIP DE SOUZA is Associate Professor of Classics at University College Dublin.

    PASCAL ARNAUD is Professor of the History of the Roman World at the University of Lyon II, Senior Fellow at Institut Universitaire de France and co-director of the ERC-funded Grant Portus-Limen. CHRISTIAN BUCHET is Professor of Maritime History, Catholic University of Paris, Scientific Director of Océanides and a member of l'Académie de marine.

  • General introduction and acknowledgements

  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Pascal Arnaud, Philip de Souza
  • Book:
    The Sea in History - The Ancient World
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    20 April 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017, pp xxi-xxiv

  • Summary

    ‘History is not a fishing expedition, historians do not cast their net at random to see what (if any) fish they may catch. We will never find answers to questions that have not been asked’, wrote Antoine Prost in his remarkable book Douze Leçons sur L'histoire. This is the very spirit, the sum and substance of Océanides.

    This international research programme, unprecedented in the breadth of its approach since the publication of the first Encyclopædia, does not aim to write a maritime history of the world; indeed, diverse teams have already done so within various academic initiatives. Rather, building on the proliferation of research into maritime history, particularly over the past 15 years, the goal is to answer the following question: is the sea the differentiating factor in the overall development of populations? What developments can be attributed to the sea, both in general history and in the history of specific entities, particularly political entities? How did the sea modify the course of history for the populations in question? In what ways do maritime activities make it possible to consolidate strength and development by enabling actors to take full advantage of demographic potential and scientific knowledge, as well as geographic, political and financial situations? Is the sea a factor in success, development and/or influence? For the purposes of this study, the ‘sea’ is more than the water and the beach. It also encompasses all activities linked with maritime pursuits, be they on the shore, on riverbanks or even far inland.

    This research programme is organized around simple questions that apply everywhere and throughout history:

  • • Is the sea the differentiating factor in world history, part and parcel of the most distinguished accomplishments?

  • • What additional advantages did the sea provide to the groups that engaged in maritime activities (regardless of the nature of the populations in question: social groups, tribes, peoples, cultural entities, regions, cities, states, etc.) compared to other groups that remained firmly on dry land? How did the sea influence development and leadership, however these phenomena may be manifested in relation to economy, culture, forms of political organization, technical progress, etc., and how have these contributions continued to the present day?

  • Conclusion générale par

  • Edited by Christian Buchet, N. A. M. Rodger
  • Book:
    The Sea in History - The Modern World
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    26 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017, pp 781-814

  • Summary

    De l'ensemble des contributions regroupées dans ces quatre volumes, trois puissantes vagues de fond se dégagent et répondent clairement à notre questionnement. Oui, le fait de se tourner vers la mer quel que soit le temps, le lieu, est le moteur le plus puissant qui soit pour impacter positivement les trajectoires historiques. C'est que la mer est l'accélérateur du développement économique et politique(1) ; le moteur de la prédominance et du rayonnement(2) ; le moteur de l'Histoire(3).

    LA MER, MOTEUR DU DÉVELOPPEMENT ÉCONOMIQUE ET POLITIQUE

    Les sites archéologiques de Pinnacle Point en Afrique du sud, des îles de Haida Gwaï et de On Your Knees sur l'île du Prince de Galles, qui recèlent les plus anciens témoignages d'une économie de subsistance exploitant les mammifères marins, phoques, otaries, cétacés, ainsi que des poissons, parfois de grande taille, de coquillages comme des moules et des escargots de mer, montrent combien la mer a toujours été pour les populations littorales un important complément de ressources. Les traces isotopiques d'un homme de vingt ans daté de 10 300 ans, révèlent un régime alimentaire composé principalement de nourritures venues de la mer.

    Apport alimentaire, mais aussi apport vestimentaire, et utilisation monétaire avant l'heure par le biais des coquillages, objets utilitaires et artistiques. Très tôt la mer a été par la dynamique des activités, des échanges, un élément structurant de la sociabilité économique des populations littorales que ce soit en Asie, en Europe, en Afrique, aux Amériques.

    Plus que cela, la mer, par la facilité du mode de transport qu'elle offre, le flottement d'une coque sur l'eau nécessitant infiniment moins de débours énergétiques que l'acheminement par voie terrestre, a été le principal vecteur des échanges. C'est par voie de mer que l'on est allé chercher, de plus en plus, et de plus en plus loin, les compléments alimentaires et autres produits dont on avait besoin.

    La civilisation mésopotamienne en offre déjà, dès le troisième millénaire avant notre ère, un parfait exemple. La Mésopotamie, littéralement terre du milieu des fleuves, riche en denrées agricoles pour être située sur le croissant fertile, manquait, par contre, cruellement de ressources naturelles.

  • General introduction and acknowledgements

    • By Christian Buchet, Professor of Maritime History, Catholic University of Paris, Océanides Scientific Director
  • Edited by Christian Buchet, N. A. M. Rodger
  • Book:
    The Sea in History - The Modern World
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    26 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017, pp xxiii-xxvi

  • Summary

    ‘History is not a fishing expedition, historians do not cast their net at random to see what(if any) fish they may catch. We will never find answers to questions that have not been asked’, wrote Antoine Prost in his remarkable book Douze Leçons sur l'Histoire.This is the very spirit, the sum and substance of Océanides.

    This international research programme, unprecedented in the breadth of its approach since the publication of the first Encyclopædia, does not aim to write a maritime history of the world; indeed, diverse teams have already done so within various academic initiatives. Rather, building on the proliferation of research into maritime history, particularly over the past 15 years, the goal is to answer the following question: is the sea the differentiating factor in the overall development of populations? What developments can be attributed to the sea, both in general history and in the history of specific entities, particularly political entities? How did the sea modify the course of history for the populations in question? In what ways do maritime activities make it possible to consolidate strength and development by enabling actors to take full advantage of demographic potential and scientific knowledge, as well as geographic, political and financial situations? Is the sea a factor in success, development and/or influence? For the purposes of this study, the ‘sea’ is more than the water and the beach. It also encompasses all activities linked with maritime pursuits, be they on the shore, on riverbanks or even far inland.

    This research programme is organized around simple questions that apply everywhere and throughout history:

  • • Is the sea the differentiating factor in world history, part and parcel of the most distinguished accomplishments?

  • • What additional advantages did the sea provide to the groups that engaged in maritime activities (regardless of the nature of the populations in question: social groups, tribes, peoples, cultural entities, regions, cities, states, etc.) sea influence development and leadership, however these phenomena may be manifested in relation to economy, culture, forms of political organization, technical progress, etc., and how have these contributions continued to the present day?

  • Introduction générale et remercients par

  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Michel Balard
  • Book:
    The Sea in History - The Medieval World
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    19 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017, pp xxiii-xxvi

  • Summary

    « L'histoire n'est pas une pêche au filet, l'historien ne lance pas son chalut au hasard, pour voir s'il prendra des poissons et lesquels. On ne trouvera jamais la réponse à des questions qu' on ne s'est pas posées » écrivait Antoine Prost dans son remarquable ouvrage Douze Leçons sur l'Histoire. Là est précisément tout l'esprit, tout l'objet d' Océanides.

    L'ambition de ce programme international de recherches qui n'a pas de précédent par son ampleur, en Sciences humaines, depuis l'Encyclopédie n'est pas d'écrire une histoire maritime mondiale, que différents travaux menés par diverses équipes ont déjà édifiée. Il s'agit, fort du développement qu'ont connu les recherches en histoire maritime, notamment depuis une quinzaine d'années, de répondre à la question suivante : est-ce le fait maritime qui fait la différence dans l'évolution générale des peuples ? Quelles sont les évolutions imputables à la mer dans l'histoire générale comme dans l'histoire particulière des entités, notamment politiques ? Comment la mer a-t-elle changé la trajectoire des ensembles considérés ? Comment le fait de se tourner vers la mer permet-il d'exploiter au mieux le potentiel démographique, la situation géographique, politique, financière, les connaissances scientifiques… pour constituer un puissant moteur de développement et de puissance ? La mer est-elle un facteur de réussite, de développement, de rayonnement ? En parlant de mer, nous désignons non seulement les flots et l'estran mais aussi tout ce qui vit d'elle sur le rivage, le long des fleuves et jusque loin dans l'intérieur des terres.

    Ce programme de recherche se décline en questions simples, valables en tous lieux et toute époque :

  • • Est-ce que la mer est le facteur discriminant dans l'histoire du monde, inséparable de toutes les réussites les plus accomplies ?

  • General introduction and acknowledgements

  • Edited by Christian Buchet, Michel Balard
  • Book:
    The Sea in History - The Medieval World
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    19 May 2017
    Print publication:
    17 February 2017, pp xxvii-xxx

  • Summary

    ‘History is not a fishing expedition, historians do not cast their net at random to see what (if any) fish they may catch. We will never find answers to questions that have not been asked’, wrote Antoine Prost in his remarkable book Douze Leçons sur l'Histoire. This is the very spirit, the sum and substance of Océanides.

    This international research programme, unprecedented in the breadth of its approach since the publication of the first Encyclopædia, does not aim to write a maritime history of the world; indeed, diverse teams have already done so within various academic initiatives. Rather, building on the proliferation of research into maritime history, particularly over the past 15 years, the goal is to answer the following question: is the sea the differentiating factor in the overall development of populations? What developments can be attributed to the sea, both in general history and in the history of specific entities, particularly political entities? How did the sea modify the course of history for the populations in question? In what ways do maritime activities make it possible to consolidate strength and development by enabling actors to take full advantage of demographic potential and scientific knowledge, as well as geographic, political and financial situations? Is the sea a factor in success, development and/or influence? For the purposes of this study, the ‘sea’ is more than the water and the beach. It also encompasses all activities linked with maritime pursuits, be they on the shore, on riverbanks or even far inland.

    This research programme is organized around simple questions that apply everywhere and throughout history:

  • • Is the sea the differentiating factor in world history, part and parcel of the most distinguished accomplishments?

  • • What additional advantages did the sea provide to the groups that engaged in maritime activities (regardless of the nature of the populations in question: social groups, tribes, peoples, cultural entities, regions, cities, states, etc.) compared to other groups that remained firmly on dry land? How did the sea influence development and leadership, however these phenomena may be manifested in relation to economy, culture, forms of political organization, technical progress, etc., and how have these contributions continued to the present day?

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