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The risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality is increased in patients with pulmonary hypertension regardless of the procedure. This is particularly true for patients with multifactorial pulmonary hypertension. We present such a patient here with a history of Down syndrome and repaired congenital heart disease who is scheduled to undergo an elective tympanoplasty. Anesthetic issues relevant to the care of a patient with Down syndrome, atrioventricular septal defect, and pulmonary hypertension are discussed, with a focus on assessment and intraoperative planning.
This chapter provides a review of the patient with Fontan circulation. The author discusses the indication, type and timing of the Fontan operation. The evaluation for long term sequala following the Fontan operation as well as the failing Fontan are discussed in reference to the anesthetic implications.
This chapter provides an excellent and in-depth discussion on the complexities associated with caring for children with ventricular assist device support. The author provides a thorough analysis of the available support devices in children based on the patients’ indication for support. perioperative management algorithms for patients supported by the continuous flow devices and Berlin devices are suggested. The perioperative approach for these patients is reviewed in detail with respect to VAD/anesthesia interaction.