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IDENTIFYING DOMESTIC CERAMIC PRODUCTION IN THE MAYA LOWLANDS: A CASE STUDY FROM UXBENKA, BELIZE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2017

Jillian M. Jordan  and
Keith M. Prufer
Jillian M. Jordan
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, MSC 01–1040, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1040, USA (jjorda01@unm.edu)
Keith M. Prufer
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, MSC 01–1040, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1040, USA
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Abstract

Utilitarian ceramic vessels form the bulk of artifact assemblages in the Maya Lowlands, but little is known about their production beyond the likelihood that they were made in a domestic context without elite involvement. Characterizing the production and distribution of these vessels is vital to understanding ancient Maya economic systems; nevertheless, this is a difficult task in the absence of primary production locales. We use spatial data, use-wear analyses on stone and ceramic tools, and analyses of finished products to identify households involved in ceramic production at three settlement groups at Uxbenka, Belize, during the Late Classic Period (A.D. 600–800). Our analyses indicate that Uxbenka potters were likely involved in some level of residential specialization focused on specific vessel forms. These data, in conjunction with ceramic data from nearby Lubaantun and Nim Li Punit, suggest that all three polities were self-sufficient in terms of utilitarian pottery production and primarily engaged in intrapolity distribution. We argue that this self-sufficiency is due to widely available resources, smaller population sizes, and the availability of high quality agricultural lands.

Las vasijas de cerámica utilitaria forman el grueso de los conjuntos de artefactos en las tierras bajas mayas. Sin embargo, se sabe poco acerca de su producción, más allá de la probabilidad de que se hayan manufacturado en contextos domésticos, sin la participación de la élite. La caracterización de la producción y distribución de estas vasijas es vital para entender los antiguos sistemas económicos mayas; sin embargo, esta es una tarea difícil en ausencia de los lugares de producción primaria. En este estudio se utilizan los datos espaciales, el análisis de uso-desgaste de las herramientas de piedra y cerámica y el análisis de los productos terminados para identificar los lugares domésticos que participaron en la producción de cerámica en tres grupos de asentamientos durante el Período Clásico Tardío (600–800 d.C.) en Uxbenka, Belice. Los análisis indican que es probable que los alfareros de Uxbenka hayan participado en un cierto nivel de especialización residencial centrado en formas de vasijas específicas. Estos datos, junto con los datos de la cerámica procedente de los centros cercanos de Lubaantún y Nim Li Punit, sugieren que las tres entidades políticas fueron autosuficientes en términos de la producción de cerámica utilitaria. Esta fue principalmente realizada para la distribución adentro del mismo asentamiento. Se argumenta que esta autosuficiencia se debió a la amplia disponibilidad de recursos, los tamaños de población reducidos y la presencia de tierras agrícolas de alta calidad.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 2017 , pp. 66 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 by the Society for American Archaeology 

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