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Growth loss and recovery following defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly in young, spaced balsam fir stands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Harald Piene ,
Don P. Ostaff  and
Eldon S. Eveleigh
Harald Piene*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, PO Box 4000, Regent Street, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7, and Population Ecology Group, FOREM, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2
Don P. Ostaff
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, PO Box 4000, Regent Street, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7, and Population Ecology Group, FOREM, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2
Eldon S. Eveleigh
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, PO Box 4000, Regent Street, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7, and Population Ecology Group, FOREM, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: hpiene@nrcan.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Two stands of intensively managed balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae)] in western Newfoundland, located within an area infested by the balsam fir sawfly, Neodiprion abietis (Harr.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) complex, were selected to study growth loss and recovery following severe defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly in the early 1990s. Four years after the start of the outbreak, volume increments were reduced by 78–81%. The decreased volume increment and recovery coincided well with the balsam fir sawfly outbreak and decline. The growth recovery rates following severe balsam fir sawfly defoliation were slow due to the absence of bud destruction, which triggers the release of suppressed buds, and thus increases foliage production. It is imperative that the severe losses in volume growth caused by balsam fir sawfly defoliation are incorporated into wood supply analyses so that future annual allowable cuts may be adjusted. In addition, to ensure maximum recovery rates at the end of an outbreak, future populations must be kept at a minimum to avoid additional foliage loss.

Résumé

Deux boisés de sapins baumiers [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae)] sous gestion intense, situés dans une région envahie par des Diprions du sapin du complexe, Neodiprion abietis (Harr.) (Hymenoptera : Diprionidae) dans l’ouest de l’île de Terre-Neuve, ont été choisis pour l’étude de la perte de croissance et de la récupération à la suite d’une défoliation importante due au diprion au début des années 1990. Quatre ans après le début de l’infestation, les augmentations annuelles du volume des sapins avaient baissé de 78–81%. La diminution de la croissance en volume et la récupération coïncidaient respectivement avec l’infestation et avec le déclin de la population de diprions. La vitesse du retour à la croissance normale après la forte défoliation s’est avérée lente parce qu’il n’y a pas eu destruction des bourgeons, ce qui aurait déclenché l’ouverture des bourgeons réprimés, augmentant ainsi la production de feuillage. Il est donc essentiel que les pertes importantes de croissance en volume à la suite de défoliations graves causées par les diprions soient prises en compte dans les calculs du bois d’approvisionnement, de façon à permettre l’ajustement de la gestion des coupes annuelles permises dans l’avenir. De plus, pour assurer la récupération maximale des boisés après une infestation, les populations de diprions doivent être maintenues au minimum pour éviter d’autres pertes de feuillage.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 133 , Issue 5 , October 2001 , pp. 675 - 686
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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