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BIOGEOGRAPHY AND ORIGINS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

H.B.N. Hynes
H.B.N. Hynes*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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Abstract

The present distributions of stonefly genera in North America, their occurrence as endemics, or as shared with the Far East, Europe and South America, are considered in conjunction with geological history. It is concluded that the Plecoptera of North America have four sources of origin.There was an ancient eastern fauna shared with Europe before the formation of the North Atlantic Ocean. A second group moved in from the west during the formation of the western mountains. After formation of the isthmus one genus moved northward from South America. After the Pleistocene period several species migrated from the Bering Strait region, possibly from an Alaskan refugium. Some of these have clearly moved eastward, but a few may have moved westward.

Résumé

Les distributions actuelles des genres de plécoptères d'Amérique du Nord et leur statut endémique, ou partagé avec l'Extrême-Orient, l'Europe et l'Amérique du Sud, sont examinés en rapport avec l'histoire géologique. On conclut que les Plécoptera d'Amérique du Nord originent de quatre sources.Une ancienne faune de l'Est partagée avec l'Europe devait exister avant la formation de l'Atlantique Nord. Un deuxième groupe serait venu de l'Ouest avant la formation des Montagnes de l'Ouest. Après la formation de l'isthme, un genre aurait migré au nord à partir de l'Amérique du Sud. Après le Pléistocène, plusieurs espèces ont immigré de la région du Détroit de Béring, possiblement à partir d'un refuge en Alaska. Certaines d'entre elles ont de toute évidence migré vers l'Est, mais quelques unes ont migré vers l'Ouest.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 120 , Supplement S144 , 1988 , pp. 31 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1988

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