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Healthcare-Associated Infection and Hospital Readmission

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Carley B. Emerson ,
Lindsay M. Eyzaguirre ,
Jennifer S. Albrecht ,
Angela C. Comer ,
Anthony D. Harris  and
Jon P. Furuno
Carley B. Emerson
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Lindsay M. Eyzaguirre
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Jennifer S. Albrecht
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Angela C. Comer
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Anthony D. Harris
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Jon P. Furuno*
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pharmacy Practice, Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University College of Pharmacy, Portland, Oregon
*
OSU/OHSU College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Mail Code: CH12C, Portland, OR 97239 (furuno@ohsu.edu)
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Abstract

Objective.

Hospital readmissions are a current target of initiatives to reduce healthcare costs. This study quantified the association between having a clinical culture positive for 1 of 3 prevalent hospital-associated organisms and time to hospital readmission.

Design.

Retrospective cohort study.

Patients and Setting.

Adults admitted to an academic, tertiary care referral center from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2008.

Methods.

The primary exposure of interest was a clinical culture positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), or Clostridium difficile obtained more than 48 hours after hospital admission during the index hospital stay. The primary outcome of interest was time to readmission to the index facility. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to model the adjusted association between positive clinical culture result and time to readmission and to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results.

Among 136,513 index admissions, the prevalence of hospital-associated positive clinical culture result for 1 of the 3 organisms of interest was 3%, and 35% of patients were readmitted to the index facility within 1 year after discharge. Patients with a positive clinical culture obtained more than 48 hours after hospital admission had an increased hazard of readmission (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.33–1.46) after adjusting for age, sex, index admission length of stay, intensive care unit stay, Charlson comorbidity index, and year of hospital admission.

Conclusions.

Patients with healthcare-associated infections may be at increased risk of hospital readmission. These findings may be used to impact health outcomes after discharge from the hospital and to encourage better infection prevention efforts.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 33 , Issue 6 , June 2012 , pp. 539 - 544
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2012 

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Footnotes

a.

C.B.E. and L.M.E. contributed equally to this article

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