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Heterogeneous vertical structure of the bacterioplankton community in a non-stratified Antarctic lake

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2013

Juan A. Villaescusa ,
Emilio O. Casamayor ,
Carlos Rochera ,
Antonio Quesada ,
Luigi Michaud  and
Antonio Camacho
Juan A. Villaescusa
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Edificio de Investigación “Jeroni Muñoz”, Campus de Burjassot, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
Emilio O. Casamayor
Affiliation:
Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes - CEAB.CSIC - C/ d'accés a la Cala St Francesc, 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
Carlos Rochera
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Edificio de Investigación “Jeroni Muñoz”, Campus de Burjassot, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
Antonio Quesada
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia C/ Darwin, 2 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Luigi Michaud
Affiliation:
Dipartamento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Università degli Studi di Messina - Piazza Pugliatti, 1 - 98122 Messina, Italia
Antonio Camacho*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Edificio de Investigación “Jeroni Muñoz”, Campus de Burjassot, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
*
*corresponding author: antonio.camacho@uv.es
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Abstract

Bacterial community composition during summer was analysed in surface and bottom waters of the oligotrophic shallow (4.5 m) Lake Limnopolar (Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica), using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and sequencing. Up to 61% of the 16S rDNA sequences found were closely related to sequences retrieved from lakes, glaciers or polar systems. The distribution of these sequences was not homogeneous, with vertical differences found in both bacterial taxa composition and isolation source of the closest match from GenBank. In the surface sample 86% of the sequences were related to bacteria found in soils, seawater or gut microbiota, probably explained by waterborne transport from the catchment, by wind through sea sprays, or local bird activity. Conversely, in the deep samples, 95% of the sequences were closer to bacteria typically described for lakes, glaciers or polar systems. The presence of benthic mosses covering the bottom of the lake favours a more stable deep layer leading to the existence of this biological heterogeneity through the water column, although the lake does not show physical-chemical stratification in summer. This study illustrates a strong influence of external factors on the microbial ecology of this model Antarctic lake.

Keywords

bacteriabiological stratificationmaritime Antarctic lakesvertical heterogeneity16S rRNA gene
Type
Research Articles
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 25 , Issue 2: Byers Peninsula – A New Reference Site For The Maritime Antarctic , April 2013 , pp. 229 - 238
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2013

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