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Long-term size and range changes of the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Balkans: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 July 2021

DOBROMIR DOBREV Open the ORCID record for DOBROMIR DOBREV [Opens in a new window] ,
RIGAS TSIAKIRIS ,
THEODORA SKARTSI ,
VLADIMIR DOBREV ,
VOLEN ARKUMAREV ,
KALLIOPI STARA Open the ORCID record for KALLIOPI STARA [Opens in a new window] ,
ANTON STAMENOV ,
NIKOS PROBONAS ,
THEODOROS KOMINOS  and
ANTONIA GALANAKI
...Show all authors
DOBROMIR DOBREV*
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
RIGAS TSIAKIRIS
Affiliation:
Forestry Service of Ioannina, M. Kotopouli 62, Ioannina, 45445 Greece.
THEODORA SKARTSI
Affiliation:
WWF Greece, 21 Lembesi, 11743 Athens, Greece.
VLADIMIR DOBREV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
VOLEN ARKUMAREV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
KALLIOPI STARA
Affiliation:
University of Ioannina, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, Laboratory of Ecology, University campus. 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
ANTON STAMENOV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
NIKOS PROBONAS
Affiliation:
Hellenic Ornithological Society, Themistokleous 80, 10681, Athens, Greece.
THEODOROS KOMINOS
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
ANTONIA GALANAKI
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
ELZBIETA KRET
Affiliation:
WWF Greece, 21 Lembesi, 11743 Athens, Greece.
BEN HALLMANN
Affiliation:
40008 Rapsani, Greece.
BRATISLAV GRUBAČ
Affiliation:
Nemanjina I/14, 35250 Paraćin, Serbia.
GORAN SUŠIĆ
Affiliation:
Grifon - Birds of Prey Conservation Society, Ornithological station Rijeka CASA, Ružićeva 5/2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
SAŠA MARINKOVIĆ
Affiliation:
Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
IRENA HRIBŠEK
Affiliation:
Birds of Prey Protection Foundation, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
STEFAN SKORIĆ
Affiliation:
Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia.
HANS JERRENTRUP
Affiliation:
A-2273 Hohenau an der March, Rathausplatz 1, Germany.
VEDRAN LUCIĆ
Affiliation:
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
SVEN KAPELJ
Affiliation:
Association BIOM/BirdLife Croatia, Preradovićeva 34, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
GEORGI STOYANOV
Affiliation:
Birds of Prey Protection Society, 23 Golyam Bratan Str., 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria.
SYLVIA ZAKKAK
Affiliation:
Management Body of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park Dadia, 68400, P.O. 1413 Dadia, Greece.
HRISTO HRISTOV
Affiliation:
Rewilding Rhodopes Foundation, Haskovo 6300, 41 Bulgaria blvd.
STOYCHO STOYCHEV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
LAVRENTIS SIDIROPOULOS
Affiliation:
Kanari 1 st, 57010, Asvestochori, Greece.
TAULANT BINO
Affiliation:
Albanian Ornithological Society, “Ymer Kurti” Street, Olympia Center, 2nd Floor, No. 24, 1001, Tirana, Albania.
DIMITAR DEMERDZHIEV
Affiliation:
Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Sofia 1111, 71 ‘Yavorov’, etr.4, ap.1; E-mail: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org.
*
*Author for correspondence; email: dobromir.dobrev@bspb.org
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Summary

The Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus is a large Palearctic, Indohimalayan and Afrotropical Old-World vulture. The species’ range is vast, encompassing territories from the Pyrenees to the Himalayas. We reviewed and analysed a long-term data set for Griffon Vulture in the Balkans to estimate the change in its population size and range between 1980 and 2019. After a large historical decline, the Griffon Vulture population slightly increased in the last 39 years (λ = 1.02) and reached 445–565 pairs in 2019. We recorded a gradual increase of Griffon Vulture subpopulations in Serbia (λ = 1.08 ± 0.003), Bulgaria (λ = 1.08 ± 0.003) and Croatia (λ = 1.05 ± 0.005) and steep to a moderate decline of the species subpopulations in Greece (λ = 0.88 ± 0.005) and North Macedonia (λ = 0.94 ± 0.01). However, species range contracted to half of its former range in the same period. It occurred in 42 UTM squares in the 1980–1990 period and only 20 UTM squares between 2011 and 2019 and concentrated into three source subpopulations in Bulgaria, Serbia, and Croatia. Following reintroductions of the Griffon Vulture in Bulgaria, new colonies were formed at three novel localities after 2010. Regular movements of individuals between the different subpopulations exist nowadays. Therefore, preservation of both current and former core areas used for breeding and roosting is essential for species conservation in the region. However, the Griffon Vulture still faces severe threats and risk of local extinction. Various hazards such as poisoning, collision with energy infrastructure, disturbance and habitat alteration are depleting the status of the Balkan population and its full recovery. Further studies should analyse age-specific survival and mortality, recruitment, genetic relatedness, spatial use to inform the viability of this population in the future.

Keywords

demographyscavengerEuropestatusmonitoring
Type
Review Article
Information
Bird Conservation International , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , June 2022 , pp. 206 - 221
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of BirdLife International

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Footnotes

The online version of this article has been updated since original publication. A notice detailing the changes has also been published at https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270921000320.

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