Quantum Computing for Chemical Applications: Variational Algorithms and Beyond

Simulating quantum systems with high accuracy remains one of the fundamental challenges in science, with applications ranging from drug discovery to materi- als design. In particular, quantum chemical simulations play a pivotal role in advancing fields such as chemistry, materials science, and biology. While classical computational methods have achieved considerable success, their ability to sim- ulate complex quantum systems often requires several approximations, making the results inaccurate. Quantum computers are anticipated to overcome these challenges by providing more accurate simulations of complex quantum systems. However, the current generation of quantum devices is limited by noise and deco- herence, restricting their practical applications. To overcome these limitations, hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the Variational Quantum Eigen- solver (VQE) have been developed. In this review, we discuss several notable examples where VQE and its variants have been successfully applied to quantum chemistry problems, highlighting both the current capabilities and the future potential of quantum computing for quantum chemical applications.