Status Quo of the Energy System and Consumption in Zambia

This report offers a comprehensive overview of Zambia’s energy system, focusing on consumption trends, energy production, and the associated challenges. The first in a three-part series, it serves as the basis for understanding Zambia’s energy framework by highlighting the critical sectors that shape the nation’s energy dynamics and the broader implications for sustainable growth. Zambia’s energy system is characterised by a dependence on traditional energy sources, particularly hydropower and biomass, which has constrained the country’s ability to achieve energy security and sustainability. The urgent need for reforms to diversify energy sources, modernise infrastructure, and implement cost-reflective tariffs is evident. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving energy access and supporting Zambia’s broader development objectives.