The Engine is a Gravity Modulator: How Everyday Machines Redirect the Direction of Gravitational Fall Within the Fundamental Speed Theory

30 June 2026, Version 2
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

We demonstrate that within the Fundamental Speed Theory (FST), every engine functions as a gravitational modulator by creating a directed gradient in the motion field, locally redefining the direction of gravitational fall. We extend this to a universal principle: every body possesses an effective gravitational constant $G_{\text{eff}}$ and modifies the $G_{\text{eff}}$ of nearby bodies through its kinetic energy density. The required orbital velocity is derived from first principles, and the formula for $G_{\text{eff}}$ is validated against the Sun to within 4.2%. Using Earth's Moon and Phobos as calibration points, we obtain a linear relation between the velocity deficit and the recession rate, with a critical threshold of -97.5%. Applied to 26 moons across six planetary systems, the model predicts that 25 out of 26 moons are receding, including Triton (+7.0 cm/yr), challenging classical tidal theory. We further outline a unified calibration hierarchy extending the framework to planets (Mercury's perihelion shift), stars (S2's Schwarzschild precession), and interstellar objects (3I/ATLAS). Appendix M provides a finite-lag mechanism explaining why planets do not spiral inward. FST explains seven distinct phenomena with a single principle: the modification of $G_{\text{eff}}$ by organized motion. All predictions are falsifiable through astrometric monitoring and laboratory tests.

Keywords

modified gravity
effective gravitational constant
galactic dynamics
moon recession
orbital evolution
Fundamental Speed Theory
explanatory economy
tidal theory
planetary dynamics
Fundamental Speed Theory
Effective Gravitational Constant
Orbital Evolution
Lunar Recession
Planetary Precession
Stellar Dynamics
Interstellar Objects
Mercury Perihelion Shift
S2 Schwarzschild Precession
3I/ATLAS

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