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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of mammary gland tissues reveals the critical role of GPR110 in palmitic acid-stimulated milk protein and fat synthesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2023

Minghui Zhang Open the ORCID record for Minghui Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Zonghua Ma ,
Hao Qi Open the ORCID record for Hao Qi [Opens in a new window] ,
Xu Cui ,
Rui Li  and
Xuejun Gao Open the ORCID record for Xuejun Gao [Opens in a new window]
Minghui Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
Zonghua Ma
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
Hao Qi
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
Xu Cui
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
Rui Li
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
Xuejun Gao*
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, People’s Republic of China
*
*Corresponding author: Xuejun Gao, Email: gaoxj53901@163.com
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Abstract

The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) sensing nutritional signals (amino acids, fatty acids, glucose, etc.) are not fully understood. In this research, we used transcriptome sequencing to analyse differentially expressed genes (DEG) in mouse mammary gland tissues at puberty, lactation and involution stages, in which eight GPCR were selected out and verified by qRT-PCR assay. It was further identified the role of GPR110-mediating nutrients including palmitic acid (PA) and methionine (Met) to improve milk synthesis using mouse mammary epithelial cell line HC11. PA but not Met affected GPR110 expression in a dose-dependent manner. GPR110 knockdown decreased milk protein and fat synthesis and cell proliferation and blocked the stimulation of PA on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) expression. In summary, these experimental results disclose DEG related to lactation and reveal that GPR110 mediates PA to activate the mTOR and SREBP-1c pathways to promote milk protein and fat synthesis.

Keywords

GPR110Milk fat synthesisMilk protein synthesisPalmitic acidTranscriptomic analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 10 , 28 November 2023 , pp. 1665 - 1677
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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Footnotes

†

These authors contributed equally to this work

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