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Testing Jeans dynamical models with prolate rotation on a cosmologically simulated dwarf galaxy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2025

Amrit Sedain Open the ORCID record for Amrit Sedain [Opens in a new window]  and
Nikolay Kacharov Open the ORCID record for Nikolay Kacharov [Opens in a new window]
Amrit Sedain*
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Karl-Liebknecht Str.24/25 14476 Potsdam, Germany
Nikolay Kacharov
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
*
email: sedain@uni-potsdam.de
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Abstract

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Prolate rotation is characterized by a significant stellar rotation around a galaxy’s major axis, which contrasts with the more common oblate rotation. Prolate rotation is thought to be due to major mergers and thus studies of prolate-rotating systems can help us better understand the hierarchical process of galaxy evolution. Dynamical studies of such galaxies are important to find their gravitational potential profile, total mass, and dark matter fraction. Recently, it has been shown in a cosmological simulation that it is possible to form a prolate-rotating dwarf galaxy following a dwarf-dwarf merger event. The simulation also shows that the unusual prolate rotation can be time enduring. In this particular example, the galaxy continued to rotate around its major axis for at least 7.4 Gyr (from the merger event until the end of the simulation). In this project, we use mock observations of the hydro-dynamically simulated prolate-rotating dwarf galaxy to fit various stages of its evolution with Jeans dynamical models. The Jeans models successfully fit the early oblate state before the major merger event, and also the late prolate stages of the simulated galaxy, recovering its mass distribution, velocity dispersion, and rotation profile. We also ran a prolate-rotating N-body simulation with similar properties to the cosmologically simulated galaxy, which gradually loses its angular momentum on a short time scale ∼ 100 Myr. More tests are needed to understand why prolate rotation is time enduring in the cosmological simulation, but not in a simple N-body simulation.

Keywords

Galaxy dynamicsProlate rotationCosmological simulations

Information

Type
Poster Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S379: Dynamical Masses of Local Group Galaxies , December 2023 , pp. 200 - 204
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Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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