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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 October 2025
Rice cultivated under furrow irrigation faces weed management challenges due to the aerobic conditions favoring terrestrial weed emergence, like Palmer amaranth. Fluridone is an HRAC/WSSA Group 12 herbicide recently registered for use in rice, offering an alternative site of action for Palmer amaranth control. Four site-years of field experiments were conducted in 2022 and 2023 in furrow-irrigated rice to assess Palmer amaranth control and crop tolerance to fluridone applied preemergence (PRE) alone or with different postemergence programs. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement and four replications. The whole-plot factor was the postemergence program, while the subplot factor was fluridone applied PRE at 0, 84, 168 (1× labeled rate), and 336 g ai ha−1. Postemergence programs included no herbicide, a single florpyrauxifen-benzyl application at 6 wk after rice emergence (WAE), and a weed-free control. The 2× rate of fluridone caused the greatest visual injury compared to the 0.5× rate across site-years at two and five (WAE), ranging from 8% to 34%. The 1× and 2× rates of fluridone provided the greatest Palmer amaranth density reduction four wk after treatment (WAT). However, the effect diminished or became less prominent by eight WAT, reducing control across fluridone treatments. The follow-up application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl reduced Palmer amaranth density at rice harvest in most instances and diminished seed production by ≥ 94% compared to its absence. Fluridone application, regardless of the rate, did not affect rough rice grain yield under weed-free conditions. These findings suggest that integrating fluridone with a subsequent florpyrauxifen-benzyl application enhances Palmer amaranth management in furrow-irrigated rice compared to fluridone alone. However, sequential applications are needed for successful Palmer amaranth control.