Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T13:13:39.163Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

14 - Creativity and Mental Illness

from Affective Underpinnings of Creativity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2019

By
Shelley H. Carson
Edited by
James C. Kaufman  and
Robert J. Sternberg
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Get access

Summary

Creative accomplishment has, through one line of research, been associated with human enrichment, survival, and positive emotional health; and, through another line of research, with mental illness and even madness. These opposing lines of research have spawned controversy in the field of creativity science that has come to be called the “mad genius debate.” However, the real debate is not confined to madness or to geniuses but to the range of predisposition for certain mental disorders across a broad spectrum of creative aptitude and production. This chapter will first put the mad genius debate into historical perspective. It will then review research on the relationship between creativity and several mental disorders, including mood disorders, schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, alcoholism, and ADHD. It will also review possible explanations for the relationship, focusing on the shared vulnerability model (Carson, 2011), which suggests that certain neurocognitive factors may manifest as either psychopathology or high levels of creativity depending on the presence or absence of other moderating factors.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Creativity , pp. 296 - 318
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abraham, A., Windmann, S., Siefen, R., Daum, I., & Güntürkün, O. (2006). Creative thinking in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Child Neuropsychology, 12(2), 111–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acar, S. & Sen, S. (2013). A multilevel meta-analysis of the relationship between creativity and schizotypy. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 7, 214–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andreasen, N. C. (1987). Creativity and mental illness: Prevalence rates in writers and their first-degree relatives. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1288–1292.Google ScholarPubMed
Andreasen, N. C. (2008). The relationship between creativity and mood disorders. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 10, 251–255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aristotle, . (1984). Problems. In Barnes, J. (ed.), The complete works of Aristotle (Vol. 2, pp. 1319–1527). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Arshad, M. & Fitzgerald, M. (2004). Did Michelangelo (1475–1564) have high-functioning autism? Journal of Medical Biography, 12, 115–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baas, M., De Dreu, C. K. W., & Nijstad, B. A. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychological Bulletin, 134, 739–756.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baas, M., Nijstad, B. A., Boot, N. C., & De Dreu, C. K. W. (2016). Mad genius revisited: Vulnerability to psychopathology, biobehavioral approach-avoidance, and creativity. Psychological Bulletin, 142(6), 668–692.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Babcock, W. (1895). On the morbid heredity and predisposition to insanity of the man of genius. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 20, 749–769.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnett, G. H., Salmond, G. H., Jones, P. B., & Sahakian, B. J. (2006). Cognitive reserve in neuropsychiatry. Psychological Medicine, 36, 1053–1064.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barron, F. (1955). The disposition toward originality. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 478–485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barron, F. (1969). Creative person and creative process. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Baruch, I., Hemsley, D. R., & Gray, J. A. (1988a). Differential performance of acute and chronic schizophrenics in a latent inhibition task. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 176, 598–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baruch, I., Hemsley, D. R., & Gray, J. A. (1988b). Latent inhibition and “psychotic proneness” in normal subjects. Personality and Individual Differences, 9, 777–783.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, G. (2014). A socio-historical overview of the creativity–pathology connection: From antiquity to contemporary times. In Kaufman, J. (ed.), Creativity and mental illness (pp. 3–24). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Becker, G. (2001). The association of creativity and psychopathology: Its cultural-historical origins. Creativity Research Journal, 13, 45–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berrettini, W.H. (2000). Susceptibility loci for bipolar disorder: overlap with inherited vulnerability to schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 245–251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brod, J. H. (1987). Creativity and schizotypy. In Claridge, G. (ed.), Schizotypy: Implications for illness and health (pp. 274–298). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Brower, R. (1999). Dangerous minds: Eminent creative people who spent time in jail. Creativity Research Journal, 12(1), 3–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buckner, R. L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., & Schacter, D. L. (2008). The brain’s default network: Anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 1124, 1–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burch, G. St. J., Pavelis, C., Hemsley, D. R., & Corr, P. J. (2006). Schizotypy and creativity in visual artists. British Journal of Psychology, 97, 177–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burwick, F. (1996). Poetic madness and the romantic imagination. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, S. H. (2001). Demons and muses: An exploration of cognitive features and vulnerability to psychosis in creative individuals. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University.Google Scholar
Carson, S. H. (2011). Creativity and psychopathology: A genetic shared-vulnerability model. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 144–153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carson, S. H. (2014a). Leveraging the “mad genius” debate: Why we need a neuroscience of creativity and psychopathology. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8(1), 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, S. H. (2014b). Cognitive disinhibition, creativity, and psychopathology. In Simonton, D. K. (eds.), The Wiley handbook of genius (pp. 198–221). Oxford: Wiley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, S. H. (2018). Creativity and psychopathology: A relationship of shared neurocognitive vulnerabilities. In Jung, R. E. & Vartanian, O. (eds.), The Cambridge handbook of the neuroscience of creativity (pp. 136–158). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, S. H, Peterson, J. B., & Higgins, D. M. (2003). Decreased latent inhibition is associated with increased creative achievement in high-functioning individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 499–506.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Claridge, G. (ed.) (1997). Schizotypy: Implications for illness and health. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, G. D. (2006). Research on creativity and aging: The positive impact of the arts on health and illness. Generations, 30(1), 7–15.Google Scholar
Conner, T. S., DeYoung, C. G., & Silvia, P. J. (2016). Everyday creative activity as a path to flourishing, Journal of Positive Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1257049CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, A. J. & Leon, J. L. (1999). Negative schizotypal traits in the relation of creativity to psychopathology. Creativity Research Journal, 12, 25–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cramond, B. (1995). The coincidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and creativity. Storrs, CT: The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.Google Scholar
Cramond, B. (1994). The relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and creativity. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, April 4–8, New Orleans, LA.Google Scholar
Crespi, B., Leach, E., Dinsdale, N., Mokkonen, M., Hurd, P. (2016). Imagination in human social cognition, autism, and psychotic-affective conditions. Cognition, 150, 181–199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dardis, T. (1989). The thirsty muse: Alcohol and the American writer. New York: Tichnor & Fields.Google Scholar
de Manzano, O., Cervenka, S., Karbanov, A., Farde, L., & Ullėn, F. (2010). Thinking outside a less intact box: Thalamic dopamine d2 receptor densities are negatively related to psychometric creativity in healthy individuals. PLoS One, 5, e10670.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeYoung, C. G., Flanders, J. L., & Peterson, J. B. (2008). Cognitive abilities involved in insight problem solving: an individual differences model. Creativity Research Journal, 20, 278–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamond, A (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eschleman, K. J., Madsen, J., Alarcon, G., & Barelka, B. (2014). Benefiting from creative activity: The positive relationships between creative activity, recovery experiences, and performance-related outcomes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(3), 579–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Favre, P., Baciu, M., Pichat, C., Bougerol, T., & Polosan, M. (2014). fMRI evidence for abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in euthymic bipolar patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 165, 182–189.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fink, A., Slamar-Halbedl, M., Unterrainer, H. F., & Weiss, E. M. (2012). Creativity: Genius, madness, or a combination of both? Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 6(1), 11–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fink, A., Weber, B., Koschutnig, K., Benedek, M., Reishofer, G., Ebner, F. et al. (2014). Creativity and schizotypy from the neuroscience perspective. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 378–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folley, B. S. & Park, S. (2005). Verbal creativity and schizotypal personality in relation to prefrontal hemispheric laterality: A behavioral and near-infrared optical imaging study. Schizophrenia Research, 80, 271–282.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fried, R., Chan, J., Feinberg, L., Pope, A., Woodworth, K. Y., Faraone, S. V., & Biederman., J. (2016). Clinical correlates of working memory deficits in youth with and without ADHD: Aa controlled study. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 38, 487–496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frye, M. A. & Salloum, I. M. (2006). Bipolar disorder and comorbid alcoholism: Prevalence rate and treatment considerations. Bipolar Disorder, 8, 677–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fugate, C. M., Zentall, S. S., & Gentry, M. (2013). Creativity and working memory in gifted students with and without characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder: Lifting the mask. Gifted Child Quarterly, 57(4), 234–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galvin, R. (2004). William Blake: Visions and verses. Humanities, 25, 16–20.Google Scholar
Ghiselin, B. (1952). The creative process. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Golimbet, V. E., Aksenova, M. G., Nosikov, V. V., Orlova, V. A., & Kaleda, V. G. (2003). Analysis of the linkage of the Taq1A and Taq1B loci of the dopamine D2 receptor gene with schizophrenia in patients and their siblings. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 33, 223–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gonzalez-Carpio, G., Serrano, J. P., & Nieto., N. (2017). Creativity in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychology, 8, 319–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, M. J. & Williams, L. M. (1999). Schizotypy and creativity as effects of reduced cognitive inhibition. Personality and Individual Differences, 27, 263–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grucza, R. A., Cloninger, C. R., Bucholz, K. K., Constantino, J. N., Schuckit, M. I., Dick, D. M., & Bierut, L. J. (2006). Novelty seeking as a moderator of familial risk for alcohol dependence. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 30, 1176–1183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Healey, D. & Rucklidge, J. J. (2006). An investigation into the relationship among ADHD symptomatology, creativity, and neuropsychological functioning in children. Child Neuropsychology, 12, 421–438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heston, L. L. (1966). Psychiatric disorders in foster home reared children of schizophrenic mothers. British Journal of Psychiatry, 112, 819–825.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoekzema, E., Carmona, S., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Richarte Fernández, V., Bosch, R., Soliva, J. C., … & Vilarroya, O. (2014). An independent components and functional connectivity analysis of resting state FMRI data points to neural network dysregulation in adult ADHD. Human Brain Mapping, 35, 1261–1272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hubbard, E. M. & Ramachandran, V. S. (2005). Neurocognitive mechanisms of synaesthesia. Neuron, 48, 509–520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huxley, Aldous. (1954). The doors of perception. New York: Harper & Brothers.Google Scholar
Jamison, K. (1989). Mood disorders and patterns of creativity in British writers and artists. Psychiatry, 52, 125–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jamison, K. (1993). Touched with fire. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Jarosz, A. F., Colflesh, G. J. F., & Wiley, J. (2012). Uncorking the muse: Alcohol intoxication facilitates creative problem solving. Consciousness and Cognition, 21, 487–493.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jensen, E. F. (2001). Schumann. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, S. L., Murray, G., Fredrickson, B., Youngstrom, E. A., Hinshaw, S., Bass, J. M. et al. (2012). Creativity and bipolar disorder: Touched by fire or burning with questions? Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, S. L., Tharp, J. A., & Holmes, M. K. (2015). Understanding creativity in bipolar I disorder. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(3), 319–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juda, A. (1949). The relationship between highest mental capacity and psychic abnormalities. American Journal of Psychiatry, 106, 296–307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jung, R. E., Grazioplene, R., Caprihan, A., Chavez, R. S., & Haier, R. J. (2010). White matter integrity, creativity, and psychopathology: Disentangling constructs with diffusion tensor imaging. PLoS One, 5, e9819.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karlsson, J. L. (1970). Genetic association of giftedness and creativity with schizophrenia. Hereditas, 66, 177–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufman, J. C. (2001). The Sylvia Plath effect: Mental illness in eminent creative writers. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 35, 37–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufman, J. C., Bromley, M. L., & Cole, J. C. (2006). Insane, poetic, lovable: Creativity and endorsement of the “Mad Genius” stereotype. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 26, 149–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kéri, S. (2011). Solitary minds and social capital: Latent inhibition, general intellectual functions and social network size predict creative achievements. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5, 215–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kéri, S. (2009). Genes for psychosis and creativity: A promoter polymorphism of the neuregulin 1 gene is related to creativity in people with high intellectual achievement. Psychological Science, 20, 1070–1073.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distribution of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 593–602.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinney, D. K., Richards, R., Lowing, P. A., LeBlanc, D., Zimbalist, M. E., & Harlan, P. (2000–2001). Creativity in offspring of schizophrenic and control parents: An adoption study. Creativity Research Journal, 13, 17–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kozbelt, A., Kaufman, S., Walder, D., Ospina, L., & Kim, J. (2014). The evolutionary genetics of the creativity – psychosis connection. In Kaufman, J. (ed.), Creativity and mental illness (pp. 102–132). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, A. F., Cepeda, N. J., & Cepeda, M. L. (2001). Methylphenidate effects on task-switching performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1277–1284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kyaga, S. (2015). Creativity and mental illness: The mad genius in question. London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kyaga, S., Landén, M., Boman, M., Hultman, C. M., Långström, N., & Lichtenstein, P. (2013). Mental illness, suicide and creativity: 40-year prospective total population study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47, 83–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kyaga, S., Lichtenstein, P., Boman, M., Hultman, C., Langstrom, N., & Landen, M. (2011). Creativity and mental disorder: Family study of 300,000 people with severe mental disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 199, 373–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J. & Park, S. (2005). Working memory impairments in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 599–611.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lombroso, C. (1891/1976). The man of genius. London: Walter Scott.Google Scholar
Lubow, R.E., Ingberg-Sachs, Y., Zalstein-Orda, N., & Gewirtz, J.C. (1992). Latent inhibition in low and high “psychotic-prone” normal subjects. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 563–572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lubow, R. E. & Josman, Z. E. (1993). Latent inhibition deficits in hyperactive children. Journal of Child Psychiatry and Psychology, 34, 959–973.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, A. (1995). The price of greatness: Resolving the creativity and madness controversy. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Ludwig, A. (1994). Mental illness and creative activity in female writers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1650–1656.Google ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, A. (1992). Creative achievement and psychopathology: Comparison among professions. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 46, 330–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, A. (1990). Alcohol input and creative output. British Journal of Addiction, 85, 953–963.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lynn, D. Lubke, G., Yang, M., McCracken, J. T., McGough, J. J., Ishi, J., … Smalley, S. L. (2005). Temperament and character profiles and the dopamine D4 receptor gene in ADHD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(5), 906–914.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacKinnon, D. W. (1962). The nature and nurture of creative talent. American Psychologist, 17, 484–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, O. & Claridge, G. (2006). The Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE): Further description and extended norms. Schizophrenia Research, 82, 203–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCrae, R.R. (1993). Openness to experience as a basic dimension of personality. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 13, 39–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Medwin, T. (1833). The Shelley papers: Memoirs of Percy Bysshe Shelley. London: Whittaker, Treacher, & Co.Google Scholar
Nasar, S. (1998). A beautiful mind: The life of mathematical genius and Nobel laureate John Nash. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Nelson, B. & Rawlings, D. (2010). Relating schizotypy and personality to the phenomenology of creativity. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36, 388–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nettle, D. (2006). Schizotypy and mental health amongst poets, visual artists, and mathematicians. Journal of Research in Personality 40, 876–890.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noble, E. P. (2000). Addiction and its reward process through polymorphisms of the D2 dopamine receptor gene: a review. European Psychiatry, 15, 79–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norlander, T. (1999). Inebriation and inspiration? A review of the research on alcohol and creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 33, 22–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Reilly, T., Dunbar, R., & Bentall, R. (2001). Schizotypy and creativity: An evolutionary connection. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1067–1078.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paek, S. H., Abdulla, A. M., & Cramond, B. (2016). A meta-analysis of the relationship between three common psychopathologies – ADHD, anxiety, and depression – and indicators of little-c creativity. Gifted Child Quarterly, 60, 117–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poreh, A. M., Whitman, D. R., & Ross, T. P. (1994). Creative thinking abilities and hemispheric asymmetry in schizotypal college students. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social, 12, 344–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Post, F. (1994). Creativity and psychopathology: A study of 291world-famous men. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 22–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Power, R.A., Steinberg, S., Bjornsdottir, G., Rietveld, C.A., Abdellaoui, A. Nivard, M., … .& Stefanson, K. (2015). Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder predict creativity. Nature Neuroscience, 18(7), 953–955.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Purcell, S. M, Wray, N. R, Stone, J. L, Visscher, P. M, O’Donovan, M. C. et al. (2009). Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Nature, 460, 748–752.Google ScholarPubMed
Ramachandran, V. S. & Hubbard, E. M. (2001). Synaesthesia: A window into perception, thought and language. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8, 3–34.Google Scholar
Rawlings, D. & Locarnini, A. (2008). Dimensional schizotypy, autism, and unusual word associations in artists and scientists. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 465–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, M., Panksepp, J., Schnabel, N, Kellerhoff, N., Kempel, P., & Hennig, J. (1995). Personality and biological markers of creativity. European Journal of Personality, 19, 83–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, M., Roth, S., Holve, K., & Henning, J. (2006). Identification of first genes for creativity: A pilot study, Brain Research, 1069, 190–197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richards, R. (1990). Everyday creativity, eminent creativity, and health: “Afterview”; for CRJ issues on creativity and health, Creativity Research Journal, 3, 300–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, R., Kinney, D. K., Lunde, I., Benet, M., & Merzel, A. P. C. (1988). Creativity in manic-depressives, cyclothymes, their normal relatives, and control subjects. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 281–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sawyer, K. (2012). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation (2nd edn). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sawyer, K. (2014). Creativity and mental illness: Is there a link? Huffington Post (blog), January 23. www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-r-keith-sawyer/creativity-and-mental-ill_b_2059806.htmlGoogle Scholar
Schildkraut, J. J., Hirshfeld, A. J., & Murphy, J. M. (1994). Mind and mood in modern art II: Depressive disorders, spirituality, and early deaths in the abstract expressionists of the New York school. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 482–488.Google ScholarPubMed
Schlesinger, J. (2014). Building connections on sand: The cautionary chapter. In Kaufman, J. C. (ed.), Creativity and mental illness (pp. 60–75). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlesinger, J. (2009). Creative mythconceptions: A closer look at the evidence for the “mad genius” hypothesis. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 3(2), 62–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuldberg, D., French, C., Stone, B. L., & Heberle, J. (1988). Creativity and schizotypal traits: Creativity test scores and perceptual aberration, magical ideation, and impulsive nonconformity. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 176, 648–657.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seli, P., Smallwood, J., Cheyne, J. A., & Smilek, D. (2015). On the relation of mind wandering and ADHD symptomatology. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22, 629–636.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shakespeare, W. (ca. 1596/1891). A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Edited by Deighton, K.. London: Macmillan, P. Act V, Scene 1, lines 8–9.Google Scholar
Sharp, S. I., McQuillin, A., Marks, M., Hunt, S. P., Stanford, S. C., Lydall, G. J., … & Gurling, H. M. D. (2014). Genetic association of the tachykinin receptor 1 TACR1 gene in bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the alcohol dependence syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B, 165B, 373–380.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, G. A. & Brown, G. (1991). Laterality, implicit memory and attention disorder. Educational Studies, 17(1), 15–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silvia, P. J. & Kaufman, J. C. (2010). Creativity and mental illness. In Kaufman, J. C. & Sternberg, R. J. (eds.), The Cambridge handbook of creativity (pp. 381–394). New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonton, D. K. (2014). The mad-genius paradox: Can creative people be more mentally healthy but highly creative people more mentally ill? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 9, 470–480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simonton, D. K. (2010). So you want to become a creative genius? You must be crazy! In Cropley, D., Kaufman, J., Cropley, A., & Runco, M. (eds.), The dark side of creativity (pp. 218–234). New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Hashizume, H., Sassa, Y., Nagase, T., Nouchi, R., & Kawashima, R. (2011). Failing to deactivate: the association between brain activity during a working memory task and creativity. Neuroimage, 55, 681–687.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Hashizume, H., Sassa, Y., Nagase, T., Nouchi, R., & Kawashima, R. (2012). The association between resting functional connectivity and creativity. Cerebral Cortex, 22, 2921–2929.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takeuchi, H., Tomita, H., Taki, Y., Kikuchi, Y., Ono, C., Yu, Z., … & Kawashima, R. (2015). Cognitive and neural correlates of the 5-repeat allele of the dopamine D4 receptor gene in a population lacking the 7-repeat allele. NeuroImage, 110, 124–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, T., Zou, H., Chen, C., & Luo, J. (2015). Mind wandering and the incubation effect in insight problem solving. Creativity Research Journal, 27(4), 375–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tesla, N. (1901). Talking with the planets. Collier’s Weekly, 26 (February 9, 2001), 4–5.Google Scholar
Thoma, P., Wiebel, T., & Daum, I. (2007). Response inhibition and cognitive flexibility in schizophrenia with and without comorbid substance use disorder. Schizophrenia Research, 92(1–3), 168–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thys, E., Sabbe, B., & De Hert, M. (2014). Creativity and psychopathology: A systematic review. Psychopathology, 47(3), 141–147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vellante, M., Zucca, G., Preti, A., Sisti, D., Rocchi, M. B., Akiskal, K. K., et al. (2011). Creativity and affective temperaments in non-clinical professional artists: An empirical psychometric investigation. Journal of Affective Disorders, 135, 28–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volkow, N. D., Tomasi, D., Wang, G. J., Telang, F., Fowler, J. S., … & Wong, C. T. (2013). Predominance of D2 receptors in mediating dopamine’s effects in brain metabolism: Effects of alcoholism. Journal of Neuroscience, 33, 4527–4535.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westfall, R. (1994). The life of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, H. A. & Shah, P. (2006). Uninhibited imaginations: Creativity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1121–1131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, H. A. & Shah, P. (2011). Creative style and achievement in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 673–677.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitfield, J. B., Nightingale, B. N., O’Brien, M. E., Heath, A. C., Birley, A. J., & Martin, N. G. (1998). Molecular biology of alcohol dependence, a complex polygenic disorder. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 36, 633–636.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Thermenos, H. W., Milanovic, S., Tsuang, M. T., Faraone, S. V., McCarley, … & Seidman, L. J. (2009). Hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity of the default network in schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 106, 1279–1284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
WHO (World Health Organization). (2013). The World Health Report 2013: Research for universal health coverage. Geneva: WHO.Google Scholar
Wills, G. I. (2003). Forty lives in the bebop business: Mental health in a group of eminent jazz musicians. British Journal of Psychiatry, 183, 255–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zabelina, D. L., Colzato, L., Beeman, M., & Hommel, B. (2016). Dopamine and the creative mind: Individual differences in creativity are predicted by interactions between dopamine genes DAT and COMT. PLoS One, 11(1), e0146768.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zabelina, D. L., O’Leary, D., Pornpattananangkul, N., Nusslock, R., & Beeman, M. (2015). Creativity and sensory gating indexed by the P50: Selective versus leaky sensory gating in divergent thinkers and creative achievers. Neuropsychologia, 69, 77–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zedelius, C. M. & Schooler, J. W. (2015). Mind wandering “Ahas” versus mindful reasoning: Alternative routes to creative solutions. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(834), 1–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zentall, S. S. (1988). Production deficiencies in elicited language but not in the spontaneous verbalizations of hyperactive children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 16, 657–673.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×