Previous chapters have centred on Cistercian preachers, legates, bishops, an archbishop, and a cardinal – the foremost ‘clerics of the crusade’, as the Dominican historian M.–H.Vicaire called them. The Cistercian role continued but diminished somewhat after the first decade or so of the crusade: Innocent III, who had urged the white monks toward action, died in 1216; Arnaud Amaury in 1225; Guy of les Vaux-de-Cernay in 1223. A few Cistercian legates were appointed after these men, but during the last years of the crusade, Romano of St Angelo served as legate and presided over the implementation of the 1229 treaty's provisions. Bishop Fulk of Toulouse still held his see but had spent at least fifteen years in exile, including the period 1217–29. As war drew to a close, the Cistercian abbot of Grandselve, Hélie Garin, helped the negotiations. Then, at the termination of hostilities, another Cistercian came to centre stage: Hélinand of Froidmont, a former trouvère from the abbey of Froidmont in Beauvais. Poet, monk, historian, encyclopaedist, preacher and social critic, Hélinand joined the Cistercian campaign against heresy at its end and played a crucial role at a decisive moment: the events surrounding the Treaty of Paris/Meaux, confirmed on 12 April 1229. Serving as neither military adviser nor legate nor bishop, Hélinand apparently came primarily to preach. He addressed two important assemblies in 1229, giving the inaugural sermon for the nascent university and delivering the opening and closing sermons for the synod that regulated the tenuous peace.