Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of maps and tables
- Preface: ‘A phoenix in flames’
- Abbreviations
- Dedication
- Introduction: Commune at the crossroads
- 1 A domination of abbots
- 2 The crisis of the early fourteenth century
- 3 Classes of the commune before the Black Death
- 4 The struggle continues, 1335–99
- 5 A turning-point: the generation of 1400
- 6 Highpoint of vernacular religion: building a church, 1400–1548
- 7 Classes of the commune in 1522
- 8 Surviving Reformation: the rule of Robert Strange, 1539–70
- 9 ‘The tyranny of infected members called papists’: the Strange regime under challenge, c.1551–80
- 10 Phoenix arising: crises and growth, 1550–1650
- 11 Only the poor will be saved: the preacher and the artisans
- 12 Gentlemen and commons of the Seven Hundreds
- 13 Immigrants
- 14 The revival of the parish
- 15 ‘More than freeholders ought to have voices’: parliamentarianism in one ‘countrey’, 1571–1643
- 16 ‘Moments of decision’, August 1642 to February 1643
- Afterword: Rural sunrise
- Bibliography
- Index
5 - A turning-point: the generation of 1400
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 February 2013
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of maps and tables
- Preface: ‘A phoenix in flames’
- Abbreviations
- Dedication
- Introduction: Commune at the crossroads
- 1 A domination of abbots
- 2 The crisis of the early fourteenth century
- 3 Classes of the commune before the Black Death
- 4 The struggle continues, 1335–99
- 5 A turning-point: the generation of 1400
- 6 Highpoint of vernacular religion: building a church, 1400–1548
- 7 Classes of the commune in 1522
- 8 Surviving Reformation: the rule of Robert Strange, 1539–70
- 9 ‘The tyranny of infected members called papists’: the Strange regime under challenge, c.1551–80
- 10 Phoenix arising: crises and growth, 1550–1650
- 11 Only the poor will be saved: the preacher and the artisans
- 12 Gentlemen and commons of the Seven Hundreds
- 13 Immigrants
- 14 The revival of the parish
- 15 ‘More than freeholders ought to have voices’: parliamentarianism in one ‘countrey’, 1571–1643
- 16 ‘Moments of decision’, August 1642 to February 1643
- Afterword: Rural sunrise
- Bibliography
- Index
Summary
King (Henry IV): Kind Uncle York, the latest news we hear
Is that the rebels have consumed with fire
Our town of Ciceter in Gloucestershire;
But whether they be ta'en or slain we hear not …
Northumberland: … the next news is, I have to London sent
The heads of Oxford, Salisbury, Blunt, and Kent.
The manner of their taking may appear
At large discoursed in this paper here.
Shakespeare, The Tragedy of King Richard II, V, viThe plot did change, momentarily, on 8 January 1400. The townspeople were presented with a rare opportunity to intervene decisively in the politics of the kingdom, using the occasion to pursue their long struggle. After the failure of the ‘Epiphany Plot’ to kill Henry of Lancaster and restore Richard of York to the throne, the Ricardian earls of Kent and Salisbury, accompanied by Sir Ralph Lumley, Sir Thomas Blount, Sir Benedict Sely and thirty other esquires, made their escape up the Thames Valley, arriving at Cirencester after dark. They took over the Ram Inn, abutting the marketplace, where the landlord was William Tanner. None of the chroniclers tell us how the movement began, only that the lords and their retainers were quickly put under siege by ‘an armed crowd of local villeins all armed with bows and sticks’, led by John Cosyn, possibly the bailiff, and some local merchants, including Reginald (or Reynold) Spicer, a wealthy woolmonger whose memorial brass, dated 1442, describes him as ‘a merchant of this town’ and displays him with his four wives.
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- Information
- Commune, Country and CommonwealthThe People of Cirencester, 1117-1643, pp. 50 - 63Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2011