References
Abbakumova, N., & Birnbaum, M. (2011). Putin Makes Few Concessions to Protestors in Broadcast Q&A. The Washington Post.
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2006). Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Aglionby, J. (2001). Army Tells Wahid: No State of Emergency. The Guardian.
Almond, G. A., & Verba, S. (1963). The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Antlov, H. (2004). Introduction. In Antlov, H. & Cederroth, S. (Eds.), Elections in Indonesia: The New Order and Beyond (pp. 1–17). London: RoutledgeCurzon.
Arnaz, F., & Pawas, Z. (2011). Activists Say Police Allowed Ahmadiyah Attacks. Jakarta Globe.
Asmarani, D. (2006a). Indonesia’s Unions Split over Labour Law Revision. The Straits Times.
Asmarani, D. (2006b). Mass Protests in Indonesia against Labour Law Changes. The Straits Times.
Asmarani, D. (2006c). Women Outraged by Jakarta’s Anti-porn Bill. The Straits Times.
Aspinall, E. (2005). Opposing Suharto: Compromise, Resistance, and Regime Change in Indonesia. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Aspinall, E. (2010). The Irony of Success. Journal of Democracy, 21(2), 20–34.
Asyari, S. (2009). Nalar Politik NU & Muhammadiyah: Over Crossing Java Sentris. Yogyakarta: LKiS.
Bahry, D. (1993). Society Transformed? Rethinking the Social Roots of Perestroika. Slavic Review, 52(3), 512–554.
Bahry, D. and Silver, B. D. (1990). Soviet Citizen Participation on the Eve of Democratization. Annual Political Science Review, 84(3), 821–847.
Baker, P., & Glasser, S. B. (2001). Large Rally in Moscow Backs Independent TV: Thousands Gather to Protest Moves By Putin. The Washington Post.
Barber, B. (1984). Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Barnes, S. H., Kasse, M., Allerback, K., Farah, B., Heunks, F., Inglehart, R., . . . Rosenmayr, L. (1979). Political Action: Mass Participation in Five Western Democracies. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Belin, L., & Orttung, R. W. (1997). The Russian Parliamentary Elections of 1995. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Bertrand, J. (1996). False Starts, Succession Crises, and Regime Transition: Flirting with Openness in Indonesia. Pacific Affairs, 69(3), 319–340.
Bird, J. (1998). Indonesia in 1997: The Tinderbox Year. Asian Survey, 38(2), 168–176.
Bird, J. (1999). Indonesia in 1998: The Pot Boils Over. Asian Survey, 39(1), 27–37.
Bittner, S. V. (2003). Local Soviets, Public Order, and Welfare after Stalin: Appeals from Moscow’s Kiev Raion. Russian Review, 62(2), 281–293.
Boix, C., & Stokes, S. C. (2003). Endogenous Democratization. World Politics, 55(4), 517–549.
Bollen, K. (1979). Political Democracy and the Timing of Development. American Sociological Review, 44, 572–587.
Bollen, K. (1983). World System Position, Dependency, and Democracy: The Cross-national Evidence. American Sociological Review, 48(4), 468–479.
Bondarenko, A., & Migalin, S. (2005). Pensioners Have Lost Faith in Benevolent Government. Current Digest of the Russian Press, 57(5), 9.
Bowen, J. R. (1986). On the Political Construction of Tradition: Gotong Royong in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Studies, 45(3), 545–561.
Brady, H. E. (1999). Political Participation. In Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., & Wrightsman, L. S. (Eds.), Measures of Political Attitudes (vol. 2, pp. 737–801). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Brady, H. & Kaplan, C. (2007). Public Responses to Elite Changes in the Soviet Union: 1987-1991. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association.
Brady, H. E., & Kaplan, C. (2008). The Development of Mass and Elite Cleavages during the Soviet Transition: 1987–1991. Paper presented at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Boston, MA.
Breslauer, G. W. (2002). Gorbachev and Yeltsin as Leaders. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Brown, A. (2010). Perestroika as Revolution from Above. In Fortescue, S. (Ed.), Russian Politics: From Lenin to Putin (pp. 127–151). New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Buehler, M. (2010a). Decentralisation and Local Democracy in Indonesia: The Marginalisation of the Public Sphere. In Aspinall, E. & Mietzner, M. (Eds.), Problems of Democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, Institutions and Society (pp. 267–285). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Buehler, M. (2010b). Indonesia. In House, Freedom (Ed.), Countries at the Crossroads 2010: Freedom House.
Bunce, V. (2000). Comparative Democratization: Big and Bounded Generalizations. Comparative Political Studies, 33(6/7), 703–734.
Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W., & Stokes, D. (1964). The American Voter. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Campbell, A., Gurin, G., & Miller, W. (1954). The Voter Decides. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson.
Campbell, D. E. (2006). Why We Vote: How School and Communities Shape Our Civic Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Carnaghan, E. (2007). Do Russians Dislike Democracy? PS: Political Science & Politics, 40(1), 61–66.
Center for the Study of Development and Democracy. (1996). Rakyat & Pemilu: Laporan Pengumpulan Pendapat Umum tentang Kesadaran Masyarakat Jakarta Mengenai Pemilu. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Center for the Study of Development and Democracy. (1999). Rakyat & Politik Pasca Pemilu 1999: Laporan Survai Pendapat Umum tentang Politik Pasca Pemilu 1999. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Center for the Study of Development and Democracy. (2003). Preferensi dan Sikap Masyarakat tentang Pemilihan Umum. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Chandler, A. (2008). The Social Promise: Rights, Privileges, and Responsibilities in Russian Welfare State Reform since Gorbachev. In Lahusen, T. & Solomon, P. H., Jr. (Eds.), What Is Soviet Now? Identities, Legacies, Memories (pp. 192–213). Berlin: Lit Verlag.
Chen, X. (2008). Collective Petitioning and Institutional Conversion. In O’Brien, K. J. (Ed.), Popular Protest in China (pp. 54–70). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Chu, Y.-h., Bratton, M., Lagos, M., Shastri, S., & Tessler, M. (2008). Public Opinion and Democratic Legitimacy. Journal of Democracy, 19(2), 74–87.
Citrin, J. (1974). Comment: The Political Relevance of Trust in Government. American Political Science Review, 68(3), 973–988.
Citrin, J., & Green, D. P. (1986). Presidential Leadership and the Resurgence of Trust in Government. British Journal of Political Science, 16(4), 431–453.
Collier, R. B., & Collier, D. (1991). Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Colton, T. J. (2000). Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Colton, T. J., & Hale, H. E. (2009). The Putin Vote: Presidential Electorates in a Hybrid Regime. Slavic Review, 68(3), 473–503.
Colton, T. J., & McFaul, M. (2003). Popular Choice and Managed Democracy: The Russian Elections of 1999 and 2000. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
Compton, J., & Robert, W. (2000). East Asian Democratization: Impact of Globalization, Culture, and Economy. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Conge, P. J. (1988). The Concept of Political Participation: Toward a Definition. Comparative Politics, 20(2), 241–249.
Court Ruling Ends Government’s Authority to Ban Books. (2010, October 14). Jakarta Post.
Craig, A. L., & Cornelius, W. A. (1989). Political Culture in Mexico: Continuities and Revisionist Interpretations. In Almond, G. A. & Verba, S. (Eds.), The Civic Culture Revisited (pp. 325–393). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Cribb, R. (2001). Genocide in Indonesia, 1965–1966. Journal of Genocide Research, 3(2), 219–239.
Dahl, Robert. (1989). Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Dallin, A., & Lapidus, G. W. (Eds.). (1995). The Soviet System: From Crisis to Collapse. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Dalton, R. J. (2006). Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies (4th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.
Diamond, L. (1999). Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Diamond, L. (2008). The Democratic Rollback: The Resurgence of the Predatory State. Foreign Affairs, 87(2), 36–48.
DiFranceisco, W., & Gitelman, Z. (1984). Soviet Political Culture and “Covert Participation” in Policy Implementation. American Political Science Review, 78(3), 603–621.
Dimitrov, M. (2010). Building Loyalty as a Strategy for Autocratic Survival: A Comparison of Eastern Europe and China. Paper presented at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., September 2–5, 2010.
Donno, D., & Russett, B. (2004). Islam, Authoritarianism, and Female Empowerment: What Are the Linkages? World Politics, 56(4), 582–607.
Doorn-Harder, P. v. (2006). Women Shaping Islam: Reading the Qu’ran in Indonesia Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Dwianto, R. D. (2003). An Existing Form of Urban Locality Groups in Jakarta: Reexamining RT/RW for the Post-New Order Era. In Mizuuchi, T. (Ed.), Representing Local Places and Raising Voices from Below: Japanese Contributions to the History of Geographical Thought (pp. 41–60). Osaka, Japan: Osaka City University.
Easton, D. (1975). A Re-assessment of the Concept of Political Support. British Journal of Political Science, 5, 435–457.
Emmerson, D. K. (1991). Indonesia in 1990: A Foreshadow Play. Asian Survey, 31(2), 179–187.
Faroukshin, M. (2001). Civil Servants on Edge as Shamiev Starts Third Term. EWI Russian Regional Report, 6(16).
Feith, H. (1957). The Indonesian Elections of 1955. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Finkel, S. E. (1985). Reciprocal Effects of Participation and Political Efficacy: A Panel Analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 29(4), 891–913.
Fiorina, M. P. (1976). The Voting Decision: Instrumental and Expressive Aspects. Journal of Politics, 38(2), 390–415.
Fish, M. S. (1995). Democracy from Scratch: Opposition and Regime in the New Russian Revolution. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Fish, M. S. (1998). Democratization’s Requisites: The Postcommunist Experience. Post-Soviet Affairs, 14(3), 212–247.
Fish, M. S. (2002). Islam and Authoritarianism. World Politics, 55(1), 4–37.
Fish, M. S. (2005). Democracy Derailed in Russia: The Failure of Open Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Fish, M. S. (2011). Are Muslims Distinctive?: A Look at the Evidence. New York: Oxford University Press.
Fish, M. S., & Wittenberg, J. (2009). Failed Democratization. In Haerpfer, C., Bernhagen, P., Inglehart, R., & Welzel, C. (Eds.), Democratization (pp. 249–267). New York: Oxford University Press.
Fowler, J. (2006). Habitual Voting and Behavioral Turnout. Journal of Politics, 68(2), 335–344.
Frederick, W. H., & Worden, R. L. (1992). Indonesia: A Country Study. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Federal Research Division.
Freedman, A., & Tiburzi, R. (2012). Progress and Caution: Indonesia’s Democracy. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 39(3), 131–156.
Freedom House. (2009). Freedom in the World 2009. Retrieved from Washington, D.C. www.freedomhouse.org. Freedom House. (2010). Freedom in the World 2010. Retrieved from Washington, DC: www.freedomhouse.org. Freedom House. (2014). Freedom in the World 2014. Retrieved from Washington, D.C.: www.freedomhouse.org. Friedgut, T. H. (1979). Political Participation in the USSR. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Fukuyama, F. (2001). Social Capital, Civil Society, and Development. Third World Quarterly, 22(1), 7–20.
Gallagher, M. (2002). “Reform and Openness”: Why China’s Economic Reforms Have Delayed Democracy. World Politics, 54(3), 338–372.
Gelling, P. (2010, April 20). Law Banning Blasphemy Is Upheld In Indonesia. The New York Times.
George, A. L., & Bennett, A. (2005). Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Gerber, A., Green, D., & Shachar, R. (2003). Voting May Be Habit-Forming: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment. American Journal of Political Science, 47(3), 40–50.
Gerring, J. (2007). Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Grzymała-Busse, A. M. (2002). Redeeming the Communist Past: The Regeneration of Communist Parties in East Central Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Gutmann, A. (1993). Democracy. In Goodin, R. E. & Pettit, P. (Eds.), A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy (pp. 411–421). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Hadiz, V. R. (2010). Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Hale, H. E. (2006). Why Not Parties in Russia? Democracy, Federalism, and the State. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Harris, F., & Gillion, D. (2010). Expanding the Possibilities: Reconceptualizing Political Participation as a Toolkit. In Leighley, J. E. (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of American Elections and Political Behavior (pp. 144–161). New York: Oxford University Press.
Harsaputra, I. (2008). Madura Polling Stations Refuse East Java Election Re-Run. The Jakarta Post, December 8.
Harsaputra, I., & Nugroho, I. (2009, January 31). Soekarwo Wins in E. Java for 2nd Time, Khofifah Still Defiant. The Jakarta Post.
Hefner, R. W. (2000). Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Heifetz, R. A. (1994). Leadership Without Easy Answers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Howard, M. M. (2003). The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Hundreds of Indonesian Activists Demonstrate against Pornography Bill. (2006, April 24). BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific.
Huntington, S. (1991). The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Huntington, S. (1993). The Clash of Civilizations. Foreign Affairs, 72(3), 22–49.
Indonesian Government, House Agree to Revise Regional Administration Law. (2007, August 23). BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific.
Indrayana, D. (2008). Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999–2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition. Jakarta: Kompas Book Publishing.
Inglehart, R. (1997). Modernization and Postmodernization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
International Center for Not-for-Profit Law. (2006). Analysis of Law # 18-FZ: On Introducing Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation. Washington DC: International Center for Not-for-Profit Law.
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. (2002). National Public Opinion Survey: Republic of Indonesia. www.ifes.org Retrieved from www.ifes.org International Foundation for Electoral Systems. (2005). Public Opinion Survey Indonesia 2005. www.ifes.org Retrieved from www.ifes.org Jennings, M. K., & Niemi, R. G. (1981). Generations and Politics: A Panel Study of Young Adults and Their Parents. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Jowitt, K. (1992). New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kagda, S. (2006, May 2). Indonesian Stocks, Rupiah Rise as Worker Protests Fizzle Out. The Business Times Singapore.
Karl, T. L. (1986). Imposing Consent: Electoralism and Democratization in El Salvador. In Drake, P. W. & La Jolla, E. S. (Eds.), Elections and Democratization in Latin America, 1980–1985 (pp. 9–36). San Diego: University of California, San Diego, Center for International Studies.
Katznelson, I. (2003). Reflections on Purposive Action in Comparative Historical Social Science. In Mahoney, J. & Reuschemeyer, D. (Eds.), Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (pp. 270–301). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kitschelt, H., & Wilkinson, S. I. (2007). Citizen-Politician Linkages: an Introduction. In Kitschelt, H. & Wilkinson, S. I. (Eds.), Patrons, Clients, and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition (pp. 1–49). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Konsorsium Lembaga Pengumpul Pendapat Umum. (2000). Suara rakyat untuk wakil rakyat laporan akhir survai nasional tentang masalah politik. [Jakarta]: Konsorsium Lembaga Pengumpul Pendapat Umum.
Kurasawa, A. (2009). Swaying Between State and Community: The Role and Function of RT/RW in Post-Suharto Indonesia. In Read, B. L. & Pekkanen, R. (Eds.), Local Organizations and Urban Governance in East and Southeast Asia: Straddling State and Society. New York: Routledge.
Lally, K. (1993, October 5). Yeltsin Crushes Hard-Line Foes; Rebel Leaders Jailed. Baltimore Sun.
Lane, M. (2008). Unfinished Nation: Indonesia Before and After Suharto. London: Verso.
Lane, R. E. (1959). Political Life: Why People Get Involved in Politics. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
Lee, T. (2002). Mobilizing Public Opinion: Black Insurgency and Racial Attitudes in the Civil Rights Era. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lembaga Penelitian, P. d. P. E. d. S. (2002). Hasil Survei Pengumpulan Pendapat Masyarakat Pemilik Telepon di 18 Kota: Laporan Temuan Pokok. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Lembaga Penelitian, P. d. P. E. d. S. (2009). Konferensi Pers: Survei Preferensi Politik Masyarakat Menjelang Pemilu 2009. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Levi, M., & Stoker, L. (2000). Political Trust and Trustworthiness. Annual Review of Political Science, 3, 475–507.
Levistky, S. and Way, L. (2010). Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Liddle, R. W. (1978). The 1977 Indonesian Election and New Order Legitimacy. Southeast Asian Affairs, 122–138.
Liddle, R. W. (1985). Soeharto’s Indonesia: Personal Rule and Political Institutions. Pacific Affairs, 58(1), 68–90.
Liddle, R. W. (2001). Indonesia in 2000: A Shaky Start for Democracy. Asian Survey, 41(1), 208–220.
Liddle, R. W. (2007). Indonesia: A Muslim-Majority Democracy. In Shively, W. P. (Ed.), Comparative Governance: Political Structure and Diversity Across the Globe: New York: McGraw Hill Primis.
Liddle, R. W., & Mujani, S. (2007). Leadership, Party, and Religion: Explaining Voting Behavior in Indonesia. Comparative Political Studies, 40(7), 832–857.
Lindberg, S. I. (2006). Democracy and Elections in Africa. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Linz, J. J. (2000). Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Linz, J. J., & Stepan, A. (1996). Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lipset, S. M. (1960). Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Lipset, S. M. (1994). The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited: 1993 Presidential Address. American Sociological Review, 59(1), 1–22.
Lipset, S. M., & Schneider, W. (1983). The Decline of Confidence in American Institutions. Political Science Quarterly, 98(3), 379–402.
Logsdon, M. G. (1974). Neighborhood Organization in Jakarta. Indonesia, 18, 53–70.
Lukin, A. (2009). Russia’s New Authoritarianism and the Post-Soviet Political Ideal. Post-Soviet Affairs, 25(1), 66–92.
Lukinova, E., Myagkov, M., & Ordeshook, P. C. (2011). Metastasised Fraud in Russia’s 2008 Presidential Election. Europe-Asia Studies, 63(4), 603–621.
Lussier, D. (2007). The Nature of Mass Communist Beliefs in Postcommunist Russian Political Space. Berkeley Program for Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Working Paper Series. Berkeley, CA: Institute for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.
Lussier, D. N., & Fish, M. S. (2012). Indonesia: The Benefits of Civic Engagement. Journal of Democracy, 23(1), 70–84.
Lussier, D. N., & McCullaugh, M. E. (2009). Epidemic Breakpoint: Confronting HIV/AIDS in Russia’s Regions. Problems of Post-Communism, 56(1), 35–46.
Makarkin, A. (2011). The Russian Social Contract and Regime Legitimacy. International Affairs, 87(6), 1459–1475.
Malley, M. S. (2003). Indonesia in 2002: The Rising Cost of Inaction. Asian Survey, 43(1), 135–146.
Marcoes, L. (2002). Women’s Grassroots Movements in Indonesia: A Case Study of the PKK and Islamic Women’s Organisations. In Robinson, K. & Bessell, S. (Eds.), Women in Indonesia: Gender, Equity and Development (pp. 187–197). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Marples, D. R. (2011). Russia in the Twentieth Century. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Marsh, C. (2002). Russia at the Polls: Voters, Elections, and Democratization. Washington, D.C.: C.Q. Press.
Marshall, T. (2000). Citizenship and Social Class. In Pierson, C. & Castles, F. (Eds.), The Welfare State: A Reader (pp. 32–41). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Mawuntyas, D., & Wibowo, K. S. (2008). Soekarwo Wins East Java Governor Election. Tempo Interactive, (November 12). Retrieved from www.tempointeractive.com McAllister, I., & White, S. (2008). ‘It’s the Economy, Comrade!’ Parties and Voters in the 2007 Russian Duma Election. Europe-Asia Studies, 60(6), 931–957.
McAuley, M. (1992). Soviet Politics: 1917–1991. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
McFaul, M. (2001a). Russia’s Unfinished Revolution. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
McFaul, M. (2001b). Russian Electoral Trends. In Barany, Z. & Moser, R. G. (Eds.), Russian Politics: Challenges of Democratization (pp. 19–63). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McFaul, M. (2002). The Fourth Wave of Democracy and Dictatorship: Noncooperative Transitions in the Postcommunist World. World Politics, 54, 212–244.
McGowan, B. (1993, October 11). Yeltsin Exerts Authority over Local Councils. Courier-Mail.
McLaren, L. M. (2008). Constructing Democracy in Southern Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Italy, Spain, and Turkey. New York: Routledge.
McMann, K. (2006). Economic Autonomy and Democracy: Hybrid Regimes in Russia and Kyrgyzstan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Melville, A., & Lapidus, G. W. (Eds.). (1990). The Glasnost Papers: Voices on Reform from Moscow. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Meyer, G. (2003). Values, Small Life Worlds and Communitarian Orientations: Ambivalent Legacies and Democratic Potentials in Post-Communist Political Cultures. In Pollack, D., Jacobs, J., Muller, O., & Pickel, G. (Eds.), Political Culture in Post-Communist Europe: Attitudes in New Democracies (pp. 169–179). Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
Midlarsky, M. I. (1998). Democracy and Islam: Implications for Civilizational Conflict and the Democratic Peace. International Studies Quarterly, 42(3), 485–511.
Mietzner, M. (2007). Party Financing in Post-Soeharto Indonesia: Between State Subsidies and Political Corruption. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 29(2), 238–263.
Mietzner, M. (2010). Political Conflict Resolution and Democratic Consolidation in Indonesia: The Role of the Constitutional Court. Journal of East Asian Studies, 10, 397–424.
Milbrath, L., & Goel, M. L. (1977). Political Participation (Second ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally.
Miller, W. E., & Shanks, J. M. (1996). The New American Voter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Mir i Strana (2007). “Mir i Strana // Na Urovne ‘Zhigulei’ // Kachestvo Gosudarstva v Rossii,” Delo, January 22, 2007.
Mishler, W., & Rose, R. (2001). What are the Origins of Political Trust?: Testing Institutional and Cultural Theories in Post-Communist Societies. Comparative Political Studies, 34(1), 30–62.
Mishler, W., & Willerton, J. P. (2003). The Dynamics of Presidential Popularity in Post-Communist Russia: Cultural Imperatives versus Neo-Institutional Choice? The Journal of Politics, 65(1), 111–141.
Mujani, S. (2003). Religious Democrats: Democratic Culture and Muslim Political Participation in Post-Suharto Indonesia. (PhD Doctoral Dissertation), Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Mujani, S. & Liddle, R. W. (2004). Politics, Islam and Public Opinion. Journal of Democracy, 15(1), 109-–123.
Mujani, S., & Liddle, R. W. (2010). Personalities, Parties, and Voters. Journal of Democracy, 21(2), 35–49.
Murdoch, L. (2001, April 30). Sit Back and Watch, Wahid Urges. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 8.
Muslims Protest ‘Porn’. (2006, May 22). Northern Territory News, p. 14.23.
Myagkov, M., Ordeshook, P. C., & Shakin, D. (2009). The Forensics of Election Fraud: Russia and Ukraine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nelson, J. M. (1979). Access to Power: Politics and the Urban Poor in Developing Nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Newton, K. (1999). Social and Political Trust in Established Democracies. In Norris, P. (Ed.), Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Governance (pp. 169–187). New York: Oxford University Press.
Newton, K. (2001). Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy. International Political Science Review, 22(2), 201–214.
Nikitina, L., Klimovich, A., Korablyov, N., & Gordeyeva, Y. (2005). It’s Their Last Stand: Pensioners and Veterans Won’t Give Up Their Benefits Without a Fight. Current Digest of the Russian Press, 57(4), 9–10.
Noorani, A. G. (1977). Repression in Indonesia. Economic and Political Weekly, 12(44), 1847–1848.
Norris, P. (2007). Political Activism: New Challenges, New Opportunities. In Boix, C. & Stokes, S. C. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics (pp. 628–652). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Norris, P. (Ed.) (1999). Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Governance. New York: Oxford University Press.
O’Brien, K. J., & Li, L. (1995). The Politics of Lodging Complaints in Rural China. The China Quarterly, 143, 756–783.
O’Donnell, G., & Schmitter, P. C. (1986). Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Opposition Protests Reported Across Russia, Regional Turnout Modest. (2012). BBC Monitoring Former Soviet Union.
Orttung, R. W. (2004). Business and Politics in the Russian Regions. Problems of Post-Communism, 51(2), 48–60.
Orttung, R. W., Lussier, D. N., & Paretskaya, A. (2000). The Republics and Regions of the Russian Federation: A Guide to Politics, Policies, and Leaders. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Ottoway, D. B. (1996, December 22, 1996). Croatian Leader Displays Discontent with U.S.; Tudjman, Key Ally in Balkans, Reportedly Blocked Boeing Deal and Criticized American Envoy. Washington Post, p. A31.
Papaioannou, E., & Siourounis, G. (2008). Economic and Social Factors Driving the Third Wave of Democratization. Journal of Comparative Economics, 36, 365–387.
Parliament Stormed as Wahid Told to Resign. (2000, November 14). The Advertiser, p. 21.
Pateman, C. (1970). Participation and Democratic Theory. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pateman, C. (1989). The Civic Culture: A Philosophic Critique. In Almond, G. A. & Verba, S. (Eds.), The Civic Culture Revisited (pp. 57–102). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Paxton, P. (2002). Social Capital and Democracy: An Interdependent Relationship. American Sociological Review, 67(2), 254–277.
Pepinsky, T. B. (2009). Economic Crises and the Breakdown of Authoritarian Regimes. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pereira, D. (1998, October 20). Keeping Up the Tempo. The Straits Times.
Perkasa, V., & Hendyito, M. K. (2003). Inventing Participation: The Dynamics of PKK, Arisan and Kerja Bakti in the Context of Urban Java. In Yoshihara, N. & Dwianto, R. D. (Eds.), Grass Roots and the Neighborhood Associations: on Japan’s Chonaikai and Indonesia’s RT/RW (pp. 122–185). Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana.
Plutzer, E. (2002). Becoming a Habitual Voter: Inertia, Resources, and Growth in Young Adulthood. American Political Science Review, 96(1), 41–56.
Pribylovskii, Vladimir. (2005). “Chto Takoe ‘Upravlyaemaya Demokratiya:’ Kontseptsiya, Istoriya, Rossiiskii Opyt,” Demokratiya v Osade, March 17, 2005, SOVA Center website (www.sova-center.ru). President Warns Military Not to Harm Protestors. (2001, March 16). BBC Summary of World Broadcasts.
Pringle, R. (2010). Understanding Islam in Indonesia: Politics and Diversity. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Przeworski, A. (1991). Democracy and the Market. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Przeworski, A., Alvarez, M. E., Cheibub, J. A., & Limongi, F. (2000). Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Przeworski, A., & Limongi, F. (1997). Modernization: Theories and Facts. World Politics, 49(2), 155–183.
Przeworski, A., & Teune, H. (1970). The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley Interscience, John Wiley & Sons.
Putnam, R. D. (1993). Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Pye, L. (1968). The Spirit of Chinese Politics. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.
Reddaway, P. (2010). How Much Did Popular Disaffection Contribute to the Collapse of the USSR? In Fortescue, S. (Ed.), Russian Politics: From Lenin to Putin (pp. 152–184). New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Reeve, D. (1985). Golkar of Indonesia: An Alternative to the Party System. Singapore: Oxford University Press.
Reilly, B. (2007). Electoral Systems and Party Systems in East Asia. Journal of East Asian Studies, 7(2), 185–202.
Remington, T. F. (1989). A Socialist Pluralism of Opinions: Glasnost’ and Policymaking under Gorbachev. Russian Review, 48(3), 271–304.
Remington, T. F. (2010). Parliament and the Dominant Party Regime. In Wegren, S. K. & Herspring, D. R. (Eds.), After Putin’s Russia: Past Imperfect, Future Uncertain (pp. 39–58). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Remington, T. F., Smith, S. S., Kiewiet, D. R., & Haspel, M. (1994). Transitional Institutions and Parliamentary Alignments in Russia, 1990–1993. In Remington, T. F. (Ed.), Parliaments in Transition (pp. 163–170). Boulder, CO: Westview.
Resosudarmo, B. P. (2005). Introduction. In B.P. Resosudarmo (Ed.), The Politics and Economics of Indonesia's Natural Resources (pp. 1–9). Singapore: ISEAS Publications.
Ricklefs, M. C. (2008). A History of Modern Indonesia Since 1200c. (4th ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Riker, W. H., & Ordeshook, P. C. (1968). A Theory of the Calculus of Voting. American Political Science Review, 62(1), 25–42.
Risse-Kappen, T. (1991). Opinion, Domestic Structure, and Foreign Policy in Liberal Democracies. World Politics, 43(4), 479–512.
Roeder, P. G. (1989). Modernization and Participation in the Leninist Developmental Strategy. American Political Science Review, 83(3), 859–884.
Roemer, J. E. (1999). Does Democracy Engender Justice. In Shapiro, I. & Hacker-Cordon, C. (Eds.), Democracy’s Value (pp. 56–68). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rose, R. (2008). New Russia Barometer XVI: United Russia’s Duma Victory. University of Aberdeen Studies in Public Policy No. 442. Aberdeen, Scotland: Centre for the Study of Public Policy.
Rose, R. (2009). Understanding Post-Communist Transformation: A Bottom Up Approach. New York: Routledge.
Rose, R., Mishler, W., & Munro, N. (2006). Russia Transformed: Developing Popular Support for a New Regime. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenstone, S. J., & Hansen, J. M. (1993). Mobilization, Participation, and Democracy in America. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Ross, M. L. (2001). Does Oil Hinder Democracy? World Politics, 53(3), 325–361.
Russian TV Programme Breaks New Ground in Opposition Protest Coverage. (2011, December 11). BBC Monitoring Former Soviet Union.
Rustow, D. A. (1970). Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model. Comparative Politics, 2(3), 337–363.
Ryter, L. (2001). Pemuda Pancasila: The Last Loyalist Free Men of Suharto’s Order. In Anderson, B. (Ed.), Violence and the State in Suharto’s Indonesia (pp. 124–155). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Schmitter, P. C., & Karl, T. L. (1991). What Democracy Is . . . and Is Not. Journal of Democracy, 2(3), 75–88.
Schwarz, A. (1997, July-August 1997). Indonesia after Suharto. Foreign Affairs, 76, 119–134.
Sims, C. (2001, January 30). Hints of Graft by Indonesian President. New York Times, p. 14.23.
Smidt, C. (2003). Introduction. In Smidt, C. (Ed.), Religion as Social Capital: Producing the Common Good (pp. 1–18). Waco, TX: Baylor University Press.
Smith, B. (2008). The Origins of Regional Autonomy in Indonesia: Experts and the Marketing of Political Interests. Journal of East Asian Studies, 8(2), 211–234.
Soemardjan, S. (1963). Some Social and Cultural Implications of Indonesia’s Unplanned and Planned Development. The Review of Politics, 25(1), 64–90.
Some, W., Hafidz, W., & Sauter, G. (2009). Renovation Not Relocation: the Work of Paguyuban Warga Strenkali (PWS) in Indonesia. Environment and Urbanization, 21(2), 463–475.
Sperling, V. (1999). Organizing Women in Contemporary Russia: Engendering Transition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Stoner-Weiss, K. (2002). Central Governing Incapacity and the Weakness of Political Parties: Russian Democracy in Disarray. Publius, 32(2), 125–146.
Sulistyo, H. (2002). Electoral Politics in Indonesia: A Hard Way to Democratize. In Croissant, A., Bruns, G., & John, M. (Eds.), Electoral Politics in Southeast and East Asia: A Comparative Perspective (pp. 75–99). Singapore: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.
Sundstrom, L. M. (2006). Funding Civil Society: Foreign Assistance and NGO Development in Russia. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Tarrow, S. (2010). The Strategy of Paired Comparison: Toward a Theory of Practice. Comparative Political Studies, 43(2), 230–259.
Thireau, I., & Linshan, H. (2003). The Moral Universe of Aggrieved Chinese Workers: Workers’ Appeals to Arbitration Committees and Letters and Visits Offices. The China Quarterly, 50(7), 83–103.
Thompson, E. C. (1999). Indonesia in Transition: The 1999 Presidential Elections (9). Retrieved from www.nbr.org Thousands of Indonesians Demonstrate against Labour Law Changes. (2006, April 6). BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific.
Thousands of Indonesians Demonstrate in Demand of Anti-Porn Law. (2006, June 7). BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific.
Tilly, C., & Tarrow, S. (2007). Contentious Politics. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
Treisman, D. (2011). Presidential Popularity in a Hybrid Regime. American Journal of Political Science, 55(2).
Tsai, K. S. (2007). Capitalism Without Democracy: The Private Sector in Contemporary China. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Uhlin, A. (1997). Indonesia and the “Third Wave of Democratization”. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Ukroshchenie Stroptivykh. (2002, October 5). Novye Izvestiia.
United Nations Development Program. Human Development Indicators. Retrieved February 3, 2011.
United Nations Development Program. (2009). Human Development Report 2009. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/. United States Department of State. (2010). Background Note: Indonesia. Retrieved from www.state.gov. Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1972). Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Verba, S., Nie, N. H., & Kim, J.-o. (1978). Participation and Political Equality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Verba, S., Schlozman, K. L., & Brady, H. E. (1995). Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Walker, S. (2011, December 14, 2011). Why the Russian Revolution is Being Televised at Last. The Independent.
Webber, D. (2006). A Consolidated Patrimonial Democracy? Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia. Democratization, 30(3), 396–420.
White, S. (2005). Political Disengagement in Post-Communist Russia: A Qualitative Study. Europe-Asia Studies, 57(8), 1121–1142.
White, S. (2011). Understanding Russian Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
White, S., & McAllister, I. (2004). Dimensions of Disengagement in Postcommunist Russia. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 20(1), 81–97.
Whitmore, B. (2009). In Annual Call-In Show, Putin Leaves Open a Return to the Presidency. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.
Wieringa, S. (1992). Ibu or the Beast: Gender Interests in Two Indonesian Women’s Organizations. Feminist Review, 41, 98–113.
Woodard, C. (1996, December 10). As in Nearby Serbia, Dissent Rumbles in Croatia. Christian Science Monitor, p. 14.23.
Woods, H. F. (1945, 1949). American Sayings: Famous Phrases, Slogans and Aphorisms. New York: Duell, Sloane and Pierce.
World Bank. World Development Indicators. Retrieved January 6, 2011 www.worldbank.org Yorke, A. (2003). Business and Politics in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Europe-Asia Studies, 55(2), 241–262.
