Although there is no way to avoid the “big questions” of theory assessment, much of the most interesting and valuable work in economic methodology focuses on detailed issues. The four essays in this part are all examples of narrowly focused work, although in many cases they also support more general conclusions. Chapters 12, 13, and 15 all help to fill out the general picture of economic methodology sketched and defended in Part I, and Chapter 14 develops themes concerning explanation discussed in Part II. Each of the essays attempts to understand how economists address a particular problem. Philosophical categories and tools are used as a guide for generalizing and abstracting, but not as a rigid set of pigeonholes into which economic theory and argument must be made to fit.