Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction and Preliminaries
- 2 Molecular Orbitals/Potentials/Dynamics and Quantum Energy States
- 3 Carrier Energy Transport and Transformation Theories
- 4 Phonon Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 5 Electron Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 6 Fluid Particle Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 7 Photon Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- APPENDIX A Tables of Properties and Universal Constants
- APPENDIX B Derivation of Green–Kubo Relation
- APPENDIX C Derivation of Minimum Phonon Conductivity Relations
- APPENDIX D Derivation of Phonon Boundary Resistance
- APPENDIX E Derivation of Fermi Golden Rule
- APPENDIX F Derivation of Equilibrium, Particle Probability Distribution Functions
- APPENDIX G Phonon Contributions to the Seebeck Coefficient
- APPENDIX H Monte Carlo Method for Carrier Transport
- APPENDIX I Ladder Operators
- Nomenclature
- Abbreviations
- Glossary
- References
- Index
3 - Carrier Energy Transport and Transformation Theories
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction and Preliminaries
- 2 Molecular Orbitals/Potentials/Dynamics and Quantum Energy States
- 3 Carrier Energy Transport and Transformation Theories
- 4 Phonon Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 5 Electron Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 6 Fluid Particle Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- 7 Photon Energy Storage, Transport, and Transformation Kinetics
- APPENDIX A Tables of Properties and Universal Constants
- APPENDIX B Derivation of Green–Kubo Relation
- APPENDIX C Derivation of Minimum Phonon Conductivity Relations
- APPENDIX D Derivation of Phonon Boundary Resistance
- APPENDIX E Derivation of Fermi Golden Rule
- APPENDIX F Derivation of Equilibrium, Particle Probability Distribution Functions
- APPENDIX G Phonon Contributions to the Seebeck Coefficient
- APPENDIX H Monte Carlo Method for Carrier Transport
- APPENDIX I Ladder Operators
- Nomenclature
- Abbreviations
- Glossary
- References
- Index
Summary
The Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) is based on classical Hamiltonian-statistical mechanics, as discussed in Section 6.10.1. This describes the state of a particle by its x and p and relates their time derivatives appearing in the equation of motion to their derivatives of the Hamiltonian H, through (2.17). The BTE also identifies the particle and its energy (in a system of particles) in terms of its position and momentum (x, p), and also allows for the determination of a nonequilibrium probability distribution of particles fi under an applied force (on a return to equilibrium, after an initial nonequilibrium state). These distributions are used in determining transport coefficients under the influence of driving forces in cases of local nonequilibria.
The Maxwell equations describe the propagation of EM waves and their interactions with electronic entities. These are among the most useful fundamental equations (including the laws/relations of Gauss, Faraday, Ampere, and Ohm).
In treating carriers as particles, the fluctuation–dissipation transport theory associated with Green and Kubo [323] gives general expressions for the transport coefficients, valid at all times and densities, in terms of correlation or autocorrelation functions calculated from a system at equilibrium. The kinetic-theory-based transport coefficients require, as observed in experiments, imposition of an external gradient. These gradients lead to a breakdown of the correlation. Computer simulations (i.e., many-body problems, such as MD simulations) have provided equilibrium results, which are used in the G–K fluctuation dissipation theory, as well as in nonequilibrium theory.
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- Information
- Heat Transfer Physics , pp. 119 - 172Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014