British writer Guy Saville’s ominous portrayal of Nazi-ruled Stanleystadt, the new capital of the former Belgian Congo, in his recent novel, The Afrika Reich (2011), highlights the enduring appeal of imagining how the history of Nazi Germany might have turned out differently. In the half-century after World War II, scores of alternate histories were produced on the subject of Nazism. The appearance of new accounts since the turn of the millennium once more confirms that “what if?” questions about the Third Reich continue to spark the imagination of writers, scholars, and filmmakers throughout the Western world. Recent alternate histories have appeared in many countries – the United States, Great Britain, and Germany, in particular – and have assumed a variety of forms, including novels, short stories, historical essays, films, television programs, and comic books. They have also tackled a variety of counterfactual questions: what if the Nazis had won World War II? What if Hitler had been assassinated? What if the Führer had survived the war? What if the Holocaust had never happened?