Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ndmmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-14T18:41:04.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Section 4 - Therapeutic Interventions and Organ Support

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2023

Ned Gilbert-Kawai
Affiliation:
The Royal Liverpool Hospital
Debashish Dutta
Affiliation:
Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow
Carl Waldmann
Affiliation:
Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Intensive Care Medicine
The Essential Guide
, pp. 457 - 518
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References and Further Reading

Ashley, C, Dunleavy, A. The Renal Drug Handbook: The Ultimate Prescribing Guide for Renal Practitioners, 4th edn. London: Radcliffe Publishing; 2014.Google Scholar
Bangash, MN, Kong, ML, Pearse, RM. Use of inotropes and vasopressor agents in critically ill patients. Br J Pharmacol 2012;165:2015–33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peck, TE, Hill, S, Williams, M. Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, 3rd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowe, K, Fletcher, S. Sedation in the intensive care unit. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain 2008;8:50–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Varley, AJ, Sule, J, Absalom, AR. Principles of antibiotic therapy. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain 2009;9:184–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

References and Further Reading

Abdul-Aziz, M, Lipman, J, Mouton, J, Hope, W, Roberts, J. Applying pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic principles in critically ill patients: optimizing efficacy and reducing resistance development. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2015;36:136–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cotta, MO, Roberts, JA, Lipman, J. Antibiotic dose optimization in critically ill patients. Med Intensiva 2015;39:563–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, I, Banks, V. Antibiotic stewardship in critical care. BJA Education 2017;17:111–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 2015. Antimicrobial stewardship: systems and processes for effective antimicrobial medicine use. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng15/chapter/1-RecommendationsGoogle Scholar
Vincent, J-L, Bassetti, M, François, B, et al. Advances in antibiotic therapy in the critically ill. Crit Care 2016;20:133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

Hébert, PC, Wells, G, Blachman, MA, et al. A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care. N Engl J Med 1999;340:409–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klein, AA, Arnold, P, Bingham, RM, et al. AAGBI guidelines: the use of blood components and their alternatives. Anaesthesia 2016;71:829–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 2015. Blood transfusion. NICE guideline [NG24]. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng24Google Scholar
Norfolk, D (ed). Handbook of Transfusion Medicine, 5th edn. Norwich: The Stationery Office; 2013.Google Scholar
Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT). SHOT publications – articles. www.shotuk.org/shot-publications-2/750-2/Google Scholar

References and Further Reading

Haas, T, Fries, D, Tanaka, KA, et al. Usefulness of standard plasma coagulation tests in the management of perioperative coagulopathic bleeding: is there any evidence? Br J Anaesth 2015;114:217–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kozek-Langenecker, SA, Ahmed, AB, Afshari, A, et al. Management of severe perioperative bleeding. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2017;34:332–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lancé, MD. A general review of major global coagulation assays: thromboelastography, thrombin generation test and clot waveform analysis. Thromb J 2015;13:2607.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levi, M, Hunt, BJ. A critical appraisal of point-of-care coagulation testing in critically ill patients. J Thromb Haemost 2015;13:1960–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mallett, SV, Armstrong, M. Point-of-care monitoring of haemostasis. Anaesthesia 2014;70(Suppl 4):73–7, e25–6.Google Scholar

References and Further Reading

Belletti, A, Castro, ML, Silvetti, S, et al. The effect of inotropes and vasopressors on mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth 2015;115:656–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coppola, S, Froio, S, Chiumello, D. β-blockers in critically ill patients: from physiology to clinical evidence. Crit Care 2015;19:119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finfer, S, Myburgh, J, Bellomo, R. Intravenous fluid therapy in critically ill adults. Nat Rev Nephrol 2018;14:541–57.Google ScholarPubMed
Jackson, R, Bellamy, M. Antihypertensive drugs. BJA Education 2015;15:280–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, G, Bassett, P. Crystalloids vs. colloids for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care 2019;50:144–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

Brechot, N, Luyt, CE, Scmodt, M, et al. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for refractory cardiovascular dysfunction during severe bacterial septic shock. Crit Care Med 2013;41:1616–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corsi, F, Lebreton, G, Brechot, N, et al. Life-threatening massive pulmonary embolism rescued by venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Crit Care 2017;21:76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ponikowski, P, Voors, AA, Anker, SD, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2016;37:2129–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stub, D, Bernard, S, Pellegrino, V, et al. Refractory cardiac arrest treated with mechanical CPR, hypothermia, ECMO and early reperfusion (the CHEER trial). Resuscitation 2015;86:8894.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Herck, JL, Claeys, MJ, De Paep, R, et al. Management of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2015;4:278–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

Fan, E, Del Sorbo, L, Goligher, EC, et al. An Official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline: mechanical ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195:1253–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Girard, TD, Alhazzani, W, Kress, JP, et al. An Official American Thoracic Society/American College of Chest Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline: liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults rehabilitation protocols, ventilator liberation protocols, and cuff leak tests. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195:120–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goligher, EC, Douflé, G, Fan, E. Update in mechanical ventilation, sedation and outcomes 2014. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015;191:1367–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guerin, CJ, Reignier, J, Richard, J-C, et al. Prone positioning in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013;368:2159–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slutsky, AS, Ranieri, VM. Ventilator-induced lung injury N Engl J Med 2013;369:2126–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

Barbar, SD, Clere-Jehl, R, Bourredjem, A, et al. Timing of renal replacement therapy in patients with acute kidney injury and sepsis. N Engl J Med 2018;379:1431.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bellomo, R, Ronco, C, Mehta, RL, et al. Acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: from injury to recovery: reports from the 5th Paris International Conference. Ann Intensive Care 2017;7:49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaudry, S, Hajage, D, Schortgen, F, et al. Initiation strategies for renal replacement therapy in intensive care units. N Engl J Med 2016;375:122–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators; Bellomo, R, Cass, A, Cole, L, et al. Intensity of continuous renal-replacement therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1627–38.Google ScholarPubMed
VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network. Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med 2008;359:720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zarbock, A, Kellum, JA, Schmidt, C, et al. Effect of early vs delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy on mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: the ELAIN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2016;315:2190–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

Elke, G, van Zanten, ARH, Lemieux, M, et al. Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care 2016;20:117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heyland, DK, Dhaliwal, R, Drover, JW, Gramlich, DA, Dodek, P; Canadian Critical Care Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee. Canadian practice guidelines for nutrition support in mechanically ventilated, critically ill adult patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2003;27:355–73. [Guidelines updated: 2009]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClave, SA, Taylor, BE, Martindale, RG, et al. Guidelines for the provision and assessment of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016;40:159211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Preiser, JC, van Zanten, AR, Berger, MM, et al. Metabolic and nutritional support of critically ill patients: consensus and controversies. Crit Care 2015;19:35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singer, P, Reintam Blaser, A, Berger, MM, et al. ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in the intensive care unit. Clin Nutr 2019;38:4879.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References and Further Reading

De Georgia, MA. Brain tissue oxygen monitoring in neurocritical care. J Intensive Care Med 2015;30:473–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frontera, JA. Multimodality monitoring in critically ill neurologic patients. In: Reich, DL, Kahn, RA, Mittnacht, AJ, Lebowitz, AB, Stone, ME, Eisenkraft, JB (eds). Monitoring in Anesthesia and Perioperative Care. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2011. pp. 237–48.Google Scholar
Makarenko, S, Griesdale, DE, Gooderham, P, Sekhon, MS. Multimodal neuromonitoring for traumatic brain injury: a shift towards individualized therapy. J Clin Neurosci 2016;26:813.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stocchetti, N, Roux, P, Vespa, P, et al. Clinical review: neuromonitoring – an update. Crit Care 2013;17:201.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tisdall, MM. Cerebral microdialysis: research technique or clinical tool. Br J Anaesth 2006;97:1825.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×