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Chapter 8 - Water in a Land of False Seas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2014

Arlin Crotts
Arlin Crotts
Affiliation:
Columbia University, New York
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Summary

  1. “Beside the Mare Crisium, that sea

  2. Where water never was, sit down with me

  3. And let us talk of Earth, where long ago

  4. We drank the air and saw the rivers flow

  5. Like comets through the green estates of man,

  6. And fruit the color of Aldebaran

  7. Weighted the curving boughs.”

– Adrienne Rich, 1952, The Explorers

A century ago water on the Moon began as an idea with the worst possible intellectual pedigree. In 1894 Hans Hörbiger, a successful engineer (who invented a valve to control blast furnaces’ airflow), had a curious vision of the Universe. His Glacial-Kosmogonie, published in 1912, propounded the Welteislehre (“World Ice”) theory, with the Moon, our Galaxy, and even space itself dominated by water ice, apparently inspired by the icelike appearance of the Moon in the night sky.

Hörbiger’s book was championed by respected German amateur selenographer Philipp Fauth, aided by Hörbiger and family. Public extravaganzas promoted the theory to common knowledge. Its cold, northerly tenor in opposition to Einstein’s relativity (and even Newtonian physics) attracted Nazi leaders. Welteislehre became party doctrine, and Fauth was promoted by S. S. Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler to university professor (having never taught at that level or conducted sufficient research). Fauth named a lunar crater Hörbiger (following his death in 1931). During and after the Third Reich, Hans Schindler wrote several books expanding the World Ice theory, soon discredited. In 1948 Hörbiger’s name was stripped from the crater (although a crater Fauth remains).

Type
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The New Moon
Water, Exploration, and Future Habitation
 , pp. 227 - 260
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2014

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