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  • Cited by 37
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
February 2012
Print publication year:
2012
Online ISBN:
9781139057530

Book description

This groundbreaking history of Victorian politics, feminism and parliamentary reform challenges traditional assumptions about the development of British democracy and the struggle for women's rights and demonstrates how political activity has been shaped by changes in the history of masculinity. From the second half of the nineteenth century, Britain's all-male parliament began to transform the legal position of women as it reformed laws that had upheld male authority for centuries. To explain these revolutionary changes, Ben Griffin looks beyond the actions of the women's movement alone and shows how the behaviour and ideologies of male politicians were fundamentally shaped by their gender. He argues that changes to women's rights were the result not simply of changing ideas about women but also of changing beliefs about masculinity, religion and the nature of the constitution, and, in doing so, demonstrates how gender inequality can be created and reproduced by the state.

Awards

Winner of the 2012 Whitfield Prize, Royal Historical Society

Reviews

'… an impressive contribution to the history of the struggle for women's rights. Griffin's close attention to the ways in which politicians' gender shaped their responses to women's rights issues sheds new light both on the winning of those rights and on constructions of Victorian masculinity.'

Maureen Martin Source: Victorian Studies

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Contents

Select bibliography

Unpublished sources

LydiaBecker MSS, Manchester Central Library Women's Suffrage Collection.
Helen Blackburn Collection, Girton College, Cambridge.
Sir Henry Brand's diary, House of Lords Record Office.
Brett MSS, Churchill College Archive Centre, Cambridge.
Bryce MSS, Bodleian Library.
Cairns MSS, Public Record Office.
Lord Randolph Churchill papers, Cambridge University Library.
Elizabeth Wolstenholme Elmy MSS, British Library.
Millicent Garrett Fawcett MSS, Manchester Central Library Women's Suffrage Collection.
Harcourt MSS, Bodleian Library.
James MSS, Hereford County Record Office.
Papers of the Married Women's Property Committee, Manchester Public Library Archive.
Newdegate MSS, Warwickshire County Record Office.
Selborne MSS, Bodleian Library.
Selborne MSS, Lambeth Palace Library.
William Woodall MSS, private collection.

Unpublished papers and theses

Parsons, Floyd, ‘Thomas Hare and the Victorian proportional representation movement, 1857–1888’, Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge (1990).
Thompson, James‘The idea of public opinion in Britain, 1870–1914’, Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge (2000).

Published sources

Place of publication is London unless otherwise stated.

Select committee reports

Special report from the select committee on the Married Women's Property Bill, Parliamentary Papers [hereafter P.P.], 1867–8, VII [1868 SC].
Report from the select committee on the Married Women's Property Bill with the proceedings of the committee, P.P. 1868–9, VIII.
Report from the select committee on parliamentary and municipal elections together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence and appendix, P.P. 1868–9, VIII.
Report from the select committee on parliamentary and municipal elections together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence and appendix, P.P. 1870, VI.
Select committee report on local government and taxation of towns (Ireland), P.P. 1876, X.
Select committee on parliamentary reporting, with proceedings, evidence, appendix and index, P.P. 1878, XVII.
Select committee on parliamentary reporting, with proceedings, evidence and appendix, P.P. 1878–9, XII.
Select committee on parliamentary reporting, P.P. 1880 sess. 2, VII.
Report of select committee on Married Women's Property (Scotland) Bill, P.P. 1881, IX.

Biographies and diaries

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Askwith, George R., Lord Askwith, Lord James of Hereford (1930).
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Cartwright, Julia, ed., The journals of Lady Knightley of Fawsley, 1856–1884 (1915).
Childe-Pemberton, William, The life of Lord Norton, statesman and philanthropist (1909).
Childers, S., The life and correspondence of the Right Hon. Hugh C. Childers, 1827–1896 (2 vols., 1901).
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Hamilton, Lord George, Parliamentary reminiscences and reflections, 1868–85 (1917).
Hodder, Edwin, The life of Samuel Morley (3rd edn, 1887).
Hort, Arthur Fenton, Life and letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort (2 vols., 1896).
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Jenkins, T. A., ed., The parliamentary diaries of Sir John Trelawny, 1868–73, Camden Miscellany 5th Series, vol. 3 (1994).
Law, H. W. and I. Law, The book of the Beresford Hopes (1925).
Mackay, T., The reminiscences of Albert Pell, sometime MP for Leicestershire (1891).
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Maurice, Frederick, The life of Frederick Denison Maurice (2 vols., 1884).
Mowbray, Sir John, Seventy years at Westminster, ed. Edith Mowbray (1900).
O'Connor, T. P., Memoirs of an old parliamentarian (2 vols., 1929).
Palmer, Roundell, Earl of Selborne, Memorials part I: Family and personal, 1766–1865 (2 vols., 1896).
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Russell, B. and P., eds., The Amberley papers: the letters and diaries of Lord and Lady Amberley (2 vols., 1937).
Russell, G. W. E., ed., Sir Wilfred Lawson, a memoir (1909).
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Vincent, John, ed., The diaries of Edward Henry Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby between 1878 and 1893 (Oxford, 2003).
Vincent, John, A selection from the diaries of Edward Henry Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby (1826–93) between September 1869 and March 1878 (Cambridge, 1994).

Contemporary writings

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Anon., The marriage offering, or a series of letters addressed to a young married lady by a widow (Rotherham, 1847).
Anon., Opinions of leaders of religious thought on women's suffrage (2nd edn, 1896).
Arthur, T. S., Advice to young men on their duties and conduct in life (Boston, 1850).
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Baker, Auguste, The custody and guardianship of children (Manchester, 1883).
Barnes, A., Notes, explanatory and practical, on the Epistles of Paul to the Ephesians, Philippians, and Colossians, rev. John Cumming (1847).
Beet, Joseph Agar, A commentary on St Paul's Epistles to the Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and to Philemon (1890).
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Blackstone, William, Commentaries on the laws of England (5th edn, 1773).
Blair, W. T., Female suffrage (1876).
Bodichon, Barbara, ‘Reasons for and against the enfranchisement of women’ (1869), reprinted in Jane Lewis, Before the vote was won: arguments for and against women's suffrage (1987), pp. 38–46.
Braune, K., The Epistle of Paul to the Colossians. Translated from the German, with additions, by M. B. Riddle, DD (Edinburgh, 1870).
Braune, K., The Epistle of Paul to the Ephesians. Translated from the German, with additions, by M. B. Riddle, DD (Edinburgh, 1870).
Bright, Ursula M., ed., Speeches of Jacob Bright MP, 1869 to 1884 (1885).
Bryce, James, ‘The historical aspect of democracy’ in A. O. Rutson, ed., Essays on reform (1867), pp. 239–78.
Bryce, James, Studies in history and jurisprudence (2 vols., Oxford, 1901).
Chamberlain, Joseph, ‘A new political organisation’, Fortnightly Review 22 NS (1877), pp. 127–34.
Chapman, Elizabeth Rachel, ‘St Paul and the woman movement’, reprinted in Anne Heilmann, ed., The late-Victorian marriage question: a collection of key new woman texts, vol. I: Marriage and motherhood (1998), pp. 169–92.
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Cobbe, Frances Power, ‘Criminals, idiots, women and minors: is the classification sound?’, Fraser's Magazine 78 (1868), pp. 777–94.
Cobbe, Frances Power, ‘Wife torture in England’, Contemporary Review 23 (1878), pp. 56–87.
Cornwallis, Caroline, ‘The property of married women’, Westminster Review 66 (1856), pp. 331–60.
Courtney, Leonard, Diary of a churchgoer (3rd edn, 1918).
Courtney, Leonard, ‘Political machinery and political life’, Fortnightly Review 20 NS (1876), pp. 74–92.
Crippen, T. G., ‘The testimony of holy scripture concerning the social status of women’, Englishwoman's Review NS 3 (1870), pp. 127–63.
Davies, Charles L., ed., From a Victorian post-bag: letters to the Rev. John Llewelyn Davies (2007 reprint).
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Davies, Emily, The higher education of women, ed. Janet Howarth (1988; first published 1866).
Davies, J. Llewelyn, Social questions from the point of view of Christian theology (1885).
Dicey, A. V., ‘The balance of classes’ in A. O. Rutson, ed., Essays on reform (1867), pp. 67–84.
Eadie, John, A commentary on the Greek text of the Epistle of Paul to the Colossians (Edinburgh, 1884).
Eadie, John, A commentary on the Greek text of the Epistle of Paul to the Ephesians (Glasgow, 1854).
Ellicott, C. J., ed., The Epistles to the Colossians, Thessalonians and Timothy, with commentaries by Alfred Barnes (1883).
Ellis, Sarah, The wives of England (1843).
Elmy, Elizabeth Wolstenholme, The Infants Act 1886: the record of a three years' effort for legislative reform, with its results (Manchester, 1888).
Elmy, Elizabeth Wolstenholme, The Infants Bill 1884 (Manchester, 1884).
Farningham, Marianne, Home life (1889).
Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, ‘Electoral disabilities of women’, reprinted in Jane Lewis, Before the vote was won: arguments for and against women's suffrage (1987), pp. 100–17.
Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, A reply to the letter of Mr Samuel Smith, MP, on women's suffrage (1892).
Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, What I Remember (1924).
Findlay, G. G., The Epistle to the Ephesians (1892).
Forsyth, William, Treatise on the law relating to the custody of infants in cases of difference between parents or guardians (1850).
Fraser, Lord Patrick, Treatise on the law of husband and wife (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1877).
Gisborne, Thomas, A familiar exposition and application of the Epistle of St Paul to the Colossians, in a course of eight sermons (1816).
Gladstone, W. E., ‘The county franchise and Mr Lowe thereon’, Nineteenth Century 2 (1877), pp. 537–60.
Gladstone, W. E., Speeches on the Irish question 1886 (1886).
Gore, Charles, ed., Lux mundi (10th edn, 1890).
Gore, Charles, St Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians: a practical exposition (1898).
Greenhough, Revd J. G., Our dear home life: homely talks on courtship, marriage and family life (1896).
‘H. W. H.’, How to choose a wife (1855).
Hardy, E. J., How to be happy though married (1886).
Hobhouse, Arthur, On the forfeiture of property by married women (Manchester, 1870).
Hodge, Charles, A commentary on the Epistle to the Ephesians (1856).
Hoggan, Frances, The position of the mother in the family (Manchester, 1883).
Hort, F. J. A., Prolegomena to St Paul's Epistles to the Romans and the Ephesians (1895).
Hort, F. J. A., Village sermons in outline (1900).
Houghton, Lord, ‘On the admission of the working classes as part of our social system; and on their recognition for all purposes as part of the nation’ in A. O. Rutson, ed., Essays on reform (1867), pp. 45–66.
Howell, George, ‘The caucus system and the Liberal Party’, New Quarterly Magazine 10 (Oct. 1878), pp. 579–90.
Hume-Rothery, Mary, A letter addressed to the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone and other members of Her Majesty's Government and of both Houses of Parliament, touching the Contagious Diseases Acts of 1866 and 1869, and their proposed extension to the civil population of this kingdom (Manchester, 1870).
Hussey, Revd James McConnel, Home (1878).
Hutton, R. H., ‘The political character of the working class’ in A.O. Rutson, ed., Essays on reform (1867), pp. 27–44.
Jowett, Benjamin, Sermons on faith and doctrine, ed. W. H. Fremantle (1901).
Kelly, William, Lectures on the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Ephesians [n.d., 1901?].
Kinnear, A., ‘Parliamentary reporting’, Contemporary Review 87 (Mar. 1905), pp. 369–76.
Laing, Samuel, Modern science and modern thought (1885).
Landels, William, The marriage ring (1883).
Lightfoot, J. B., Saint Paul's Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon (1876).
Lucy, Henry, A diary of the Salisbury Parliament, 1886–1892 (1892).
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Lucy, Henry, A diary of two parliaments: the Gladstone Parliament, 1880–1885 (1885).
Lyttelton, Revd Edward, Causes and prevention of immorality in schools (1883).
Lyttelton, Revd Edward, Training the young in laws of sex (1900).
Lyttelton, Revd Edward, ‘Women's suffrage and the teaching of St Paul’, Contemporary Review 69 (May 1896), pp. 680–91.
Maclaren, Alexander, The expositor's Bible: Colossians and Philemon (1887).
Macpherson, John, Commentary on St Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians (1892).
Martin, T. Carlaw, The custody and guardianship of children (Edinburgh, 1884).
Meyer, Heinrich, Critical and exegetical handbook to the Epistles to the Ephesians (1880, 1st edn 1834).
Meyer, Heinrich, Critical and exegetical handbook to the Epistles to the Philippians and Colossians (1875).
Mill, John Stuart, Autobiography in John M. Robson and Jack Stillinger, eds., The collected works of John Stuart Mill, vol. I (Toronto, 1981).
Mill, John Stuart, The subjection of women in Stefan Collini, ed., On Liberty and other writings (Cambridge, 1989).
Miller, J. R., Secrets of happy home life (1894).
Moule, H. C. G., Colossian studies: lessons in faith and holiness from St Paul's Epistle to the Colossians and Philemon (1898).
Moule, H. C. G., The Epistle to the Ephesians (Cambridge Bible for schools and colleges) (1886).
Mozley, Herbert, ‘On the law relating to the custody of children’, Proceedings of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science 16, 2 (1882–3), pp. 31–60.
Murray, David, The law relating to the property of married persons (Glasgow, 1891).
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Nicholson, A. P., ‘Parliamentary reporting: a reply’, Contemporary Review 87 (1905), pp. 377–82.
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