Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-08T10:08:10.547Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

25 - National Standards and good practice

from Part III - Management of the Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit/Low Secure Unit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2009

M. Dominic Beer
Affiliation:
Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust
Stephen M. Pereira
Affiliation:
Goodmayes Hospital, Essex
Carol Paton
Affiliation:
Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust
Stephen Dye
Affiliation:
Consultant Psychiatrist, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK
Andy Johnston
Affiliation:
Hospital Manager, RMN Huntercombe Hospital, Roehampton, London, UK
Navjyoat Chhina
Affiliation:
Specialist Registrar, MRCPsych, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit, Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK
Get access

Summary

Introduction

By the very nature of its practice, psychiatry today continues to be influenced not only by mental health professionals but also by the framework within which care and treatment are delivered. In the UK this includes legal [e.g. The Mental Health Act dealing with compulsory detention of patients (Department of Health 1983)], social (e.g. family and carers), user involvement (e.g. user groups) and political interventions (e.g. Department of Health guidelines). Given the rights of patients enshrined within statute and other government guidance, e.g. Care Programme Approach (Department of Health 1999a), in no other subspeciality is the interface with legal, ethical, political and social issues more acute than within locked Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Yet astonishingly, up until relatively recently, it is the one area within which these issues had been most neglected. The publication of the UK National Minimum Standards (NMS) (Department of Health 2002) gave clinicians, managers and commissioners a framework to deliver high-quality services and care to some of the most severely and acutely unwell patients treated by the mental health system. This chapter will outline development of the standards, summarise and review their structure and content, as well as describe evidence of practice in UK PICU and Low Secure Unit (LSU) settings.

National Association and need for Standards

In the UK, the National Association of Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (NAPICU) was established in 1996.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atakan, Z. 1995 Violence on psychiatric inpatient units: what can be done?Psychiatr Bull 19: 119–122Google Scholar
Beck, AT, Ward, CH, Mendelson, M, Mock, J, Erbaugh, J. 1961 An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4: 561–571Google Scholar
Beer, MD, Paton, C, Pereira, S. 1997 Hot beds of general psychiatry; a national survey of psychiatric intensive care units. Psychiatr Bull 21: 142–144Google Scholar
Department of Health. 1983Mental Health Act 1983. London: HMSO
Department of Health. 1999a Effective care co-ordination in mental health services: modernising the care programme approach – a policy booklet. London: HMSO
Department of Health. 1999b National Service Framework for Mental Health: Modern Standards and Service Models. London: HMSO
Department of Health. 1999c Safety, Privacy and Dignity in Mental Health Units. London: HMSO
Department of Health. 2002 National Minimum Standards for General Adult Services in Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) and Low Secure Environments. In: Pereira, S, Clinton, C (eds) Mental Health Policy Implementation Guide. London: Department of Health Publications
Dye, S, Johnston, A. 2005 After the standards … a gaping cavity filled by clinical governance?J Psychiatr Intensive Care 1(1): 3–5Google Scholar
Dye, S, Johnston, A, Pereira, S. 2005 The national psychiatric intensive care governance network 2004–2005. J Psychiatr Intensive Care 1(2): 97–104Google Scholar
HL v. UK, European Court of Human Rights, C [2004] J 4269
Home Office. 2000 Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. London: HMSO
Krawiecka M, , Goldberg, D, Vaughan, M. 1977 A standardised psychiatric assessment scale for rating chronic psychotic patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 55: 209–308Google Scholar
Laidlaw, J, Buckle, D. 2006 Informal patients in secure wards; restriction of movement or deprivation of liberty?J Psychiatr Intensive Care 1(2): 61–63Google Scholar
National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). 2005 Clinical Guideline 25: The Short-term Management of Disturbed/Violent Behaviour in In-patient Psychiatric Settings and Emergency Departments. London: NICE
NHS London. 2006 Report of the External Review of John Meyer Ward Following the Death of Eshan Chattun. Commissioned by South West London Strategic Health Authority. Review by Barnard M, Neill P.
Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire Strategic Health Authority. 2003 Independent Inquiry into the death of David Bennett. Cambridge: Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire Strategic Health Authority. Available online at www.irr.org.uk/pdf/bennett_inquiry.pdf
Overall, JE, Gorham, DR. 1962 The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychol Rep 10: 799–812Google Scholar
Pereira, S, Dalton, D. 2006 Integration and specialism: complementary not contradictory. J Psychiatr Intensive Care 2(1): 1–5Google Scholar
Pereira, SM, Sarsam, M, Bhui, K, Paton, C. 2005 The London survey of psychiatric intensive care units. J Psychiatr Intensive Care 1(1): 17–24Google Scholar
Pereira, S, Dawson, P, Sarsam, M. 2006 The national survey of PICU and low secure services: 2. unit characteristics. J Psychiatr Intensive Care 2(1): 13–19Google Scholar
Pierce, DW. 1981 The predictive validation of a suicide intent scale: a five year follow-up. Br J Psychiatry 139: 391–396Google Scholar
Sugarman, P, Moss, J. 1994 The rights of voluntary patients in hospital. Psychiatr Bulletin 18: 269–271Google Scholar
UK Government. 2005 Disability Discrimination Act 2005. London: HMSO
Young, RC, Biggs, JT, Ziegler, VE, Meyer, DA. 1978 A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry 133: 429–435Google Scholar
Yudofsky, SC, Silver, JM, Jackson, W, Endicott, J, Williams, D. 1986 The Overt Aggression Scale for the objective rating of verbal and physical aggression. Am J Psychiatry 143: 35–39Google Scholar
Wing, JK, Beevor, A, Curtis, RH, Park, SBG, Hadden, S, Burns, A. 1998 Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS): research and development. Br J Psychiatry 172: 11–18Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • National Standards and good practice
    • By Stephen Dye, Consultant Psychiatrist, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK, Andy Johnston, Hospital Manager, RMN Huntercombe Hospital, Roehampton, London, UK, Navjyoat Chhina, Specialist Registrar, MRCPsych, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit, Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK
  • M. Dominic Beer, Stephen M. Pereira, Carol Paton
  • Book: Psychiatric Intensive Care
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511543593.028
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • National Standards and good practice
    • By Stephen Dye, Consultant Psychiatrist, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK, Andy Johnston, Hospital Manager, RMN Huntercombe Hospital, Roehampton, London, UK, Navjyoat Chhina, Specialist Registrar, MRCPsych, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit, Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK
  • M. Dominic Beer, Stephen M. Pereira, Carol Paton
  • Book: Psychiatric Intensive Care
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511543593.028
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • National Standards and good practice
    • By Stephen Dye, Consultant Psychiatrist, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK, Andy Johnston, Hospital Manager, RMN Huntercombe Hospital, Roehampton, London, UK, Navjyoat Chhina, Specialist Registrar, MRCPsych, Kimble PICU, Haleacre Unit, Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health, Partnership NHS Trust, Amersham Hospital, Amersham, Bucks, UK
  • M. Dominic Beer, Stephen M. Pereira, Carol Paton
  • Book: Psychiatric Intensive Care
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511543593.028
Available formats
×