Sexual dysfunction

According to the WHO International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, the following criteria are required for the diagnosis of sexual dysfunction:

1. • The individual cannot participate in a relationship as he or she would like.

2. • The sexual dysfunction is frequently present but may be absent on some occasions.

3. • The dysfunction has been present for at least 6 months.

4. • The dysfunction cannot be accounted for entirely by a physical disorder, drug treatment or any other mental or behavioural disorder.

TYPES OF SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS

Lack or loss of sexual desire

In addition to the general criteria of sexual dysfunction, this disorder is characterised by a low urge to engage in sexual activity. The lack of desire makes initiation of sexual interaction less likely. Loss of desire may be with a particular partner or total. In cases of a total loss of sexual desire, a thorough medical history and examination is essential to rule out physical causes such as chronic pain, hormonal disturbances or effects of drugs. Psychiatric assessment is important to exclude a depressive episode.

It is important to determine the individual's motivation to seek treatment. Quite often an individual will seek treatment because of pressure from his or her partner. If the individual does not have motivation to deal with the problem, the prognosis is likely to be less favourable.