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Chapter 4 - Simple majority rule and extensions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2011

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Summary

The principle of majority rule must be taken ethically as a means of ascertaining a real “general will,” not as a mechanism by which one set of interests is made subservient to another set. Political discussion must be assumed to represent a quest for an objectively ideal or “best” policy, not a contest between interests.

Frank H. Knight

Introduction

Traditionally, the concept “democracy” often has been construed to mean neither more nor less than rule by the majority of individuals. Suffice it to quote a passage from Bryce:

The word Democracy has been used ever since the time of Herodotus to denote that form of government in which the ruling power of a State is legally vested, not in any particular class or classes, but in the members of the community as a whole. This means, in communities which act by voting, that rule belongs to the majority, as no other method has been found for determining peaceably and legally what is to be deemed the will of a community which is not unanimous. Usage has made this the accepted sense of the term, and usage is the safest guide in the employment of words.

[Bryce, 1924, Vol. I, p. 20]

In view of this strong doctrinal association between democracy and majority rule, which we cannot simply neglect, it is important to have in hand an analysis of majority rule as a collective choice mechanism.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1983

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