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The Perils of Lordship: The Life and Death of William Tuchet (c. 1275–1322)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2019

Bridget Wells-Furby
Affiliation:
Independent Scholar
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Summary

In the late 1290s William Tuchet, although born into the lowest ranks of the Lincolnshire gentry, inherited an extensive Midlands estate and the king's favour which elevated him to the parliamentary peerage. He died in 1322, kicking on a gibbet at Pontefract, as a commoner and the king's enemy, with only a remnant of his former wide lands. His story is one of the failure of two types of lordship, that over land and that over men, and the two aspects are intimately linked. The gradual loss of his estate, an object lesson in the fragility of land title, led directly to his membership of the affinity of Thomas of Lancaster and thus to his death. This affinity famously failed to support its lord in 1322 and Tuchet's experience suggests at least one reason why this was so.

William was the eldest son and heir of Nicholas Tuchet (d. 1311) of Hainton (Lincolnshire), who belonged to the lesser ‘gentry’. Hainton was worth £15–20 a year and Nicholas claimed the minor manorial rights of a view of frankpledge and assize of ale. More importantly, William's mother Alice, who died before March 1298, was one of the two sisters of William of Louth (d. 1298), who was of obscure birth but became one of the great civil servants of the first half of Edward I's reign. He served as Cofferer of the Wardrobe from 1274 to 1280 and as keeper of the wardrobe from 1280 until 1290, when he was elected to the see of Ely. Louth acquired a great deal of land and, although he had another sister, Isabel, probably much younger and wife of the more eminent Midlands landholder Sir Roger de Mortain, Tuchet was his favoured heir and inherited more than three-quarters of the bishop's estate.

William was said to be aged thirty-six ‘or more’ in 1311, so he may have been around twenty-three in March 1298, when his uncle died. He was certainly then an adult but probably still young because he was not married.

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Ruling Fourteenth-Century England
Essays in Honour of Christopher Given-Wilson
, pp. 93 - 112
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2019

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