Book contents
- Seminars in Clinical Psychopharmacology
- College Seminars Series
- Seminars in Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- Editor’s Note on Nomenclature
- Neuroscience-Based Nomenclature Glossary
- Abbreviations
- Part 1 Basic Science and General Principles
- Chapter 1 A Brief History of Psychopharmacology
- Chapter 2 Psychiatric Drug Discovery and Development
- Chapter 3 Neurotransmission and Mechanisms of Drug Action
- Chapter 4 Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics
- Chapter 5 Pharmacogenomics and Psychopharmacology
- Chapter 6 Good Clinical Practice in Psychopharmacology
- Part 2 Psychopharmacology of the Main Psychotropic Drug Groups
- Part 3 Specific Therapeutic Areas
- Index
- References
Chapter 4 - Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics
from Part 1 - Basic Science and General Principles
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 May 2020
Book contents
- Seminars in Clinical Psychopharmacology
- College Seminars Series
- Seminars in Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- Editor’s Note on Nomenclature
- Neuroscience-Based Nomenclature Glossary
- Abbreviations
- Part 1 Basic Science and General Principles
- Chapter 1 A Brief History of Psychopharmacology
- Chapter 2 Psychiatric Drug Discovery and Development
- Chapter 3 Neurotransmission and Mechanisms of Drug Action
- Chapter 4 Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics
- Chapter 5 Pharmacogenomics and Psychopharmacology
- Chapter 6 Good Clinical Practice in Psychopharmacology
- Part 2 Psychopharmacology of the Main Psychotropic Drug Groups
- Part 3 Specific Therapeutic Areas
- Index
- References
Summary
Pharmacokinetics refers to the effects the body has upon a consumed drug, by considering a variety of processes which a dug undergoes during its time within the body. In contrast pharmacodynamics can be considered as the effects a drug has upon the body that has consumed it, by considering the drug’s effects at its principal sites of action. Safe and effective therapeutic management of drugs for individual patients requires application of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles to enhance efficacy and minimize toxicity. Chapter 5 (Pharmacogenomics and Psychopharmacology) provides a detailed review of the genes relevant for drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. As such these issues are only dealt with briefly in this chapter.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Seminars in Clinical Psychopharmacology , pp. 124 - 150Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020
References
Abbott, J, Patabendige, AAK, Dolman, DEM, et al. (2010). Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier. Neurobiol Dis, 37(1), 13–25.Google Scholar
Albert, PR (2011). What is a functional genetic polymorphism? Defining classes of functionality. J Psychiatry Neurosci, 36(6), 363–365.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Bishara, D, Olofinjana, O, Sparshatt, A, et al. (2013). Olanzapine: a systematic review and meta-regression of the relationships between dose, plasma concentration, receptor occupancy, and response. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 33(3), 329–335.Google Scholar
Brandl, EJ, Tiwari, AK, Zhou, X, et al. (2013). Influence of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 gene variants on antidepressant response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Pharmacogenomics J, 14(2), 176–181.Google Scholar
de Leon, J, Armstrong, SC, Cozza, KL (2006). Clinical guidelines for psychiatrists for the use of pharmacogenetic testing for CYP450 2D6 and CYP450 2C19. Psychosomatics, 47(1), 75–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
electronic Medicines Compendium (2018a). Summary of Product Characteristics: Loxapine (Asasuve) 9.1 mg inhalation powder, pre-dispensed. Galen. Available at: www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/32246 (last accessed 13.2.18).Google Scholar
electronic Medicines Compendium (2018b). Summary of Product Characteristics: Lurasidone (Latuda). Sunovion Pharmaceutical Ltd. Available at: www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/3299/smpc (last accessed 13.2.18).Google Scholar
El-Kattan, A, Varma, M (2012). Oral absorption, intestinal metabolism and human oral bioavailability. In Topics on drug metabolism. InTech. Available at: www.intechopen.com/books/topics-on-drug-metabolism/oral-absorption-intestinal-metabolism-and-human-oral-bioavailability (last accessed 15.1.18).Google Scholar
Ezewuzie, N, Taylor, D (2006). Establishing a dose-response relationship for oral risperidone in relapsed schizophrenia. J Psychopharmacol, 20(1), 86–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fabbri, C, Tansey, KE, Perlis, RH, et al. (2018). Effect of cytochrome CYP2C19 metabolizing activity on antidepressant response and side effects: meta-analysis of data from genome-wide association studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 28(8), 945–954.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hiemke, C (2008). Clinical utility of drug measurement and pharmacokinetics – therapeutic drug monitoring in psychiatry. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 64(2), 159–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hiemke, C, Baumann, P, Bergemann, N, et al. (2011). AGNP Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Psychiatry: Update 2011. Pharmacopsychiatry, 44(6), 195–235.Google Scholar
Ingelman-Sundberg, M (2004). Human drug metabolising cytochrome P450 enzymes: properties and polymorphisms. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 369(1), 89–104.Google Scholar
Markl, D, Zeitler, JA (2017). A review of disintegration mechanisms and measurement techniques. Pharm Res, 34(5), 890–917.Google Scholar
Muller, DJ, Kekin, I, Kao, ACC, Brandl, E (2013). Towards the implementation of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes in clinical practice: update and report from a pharmacogenetic service clinic. Int Rev Psychiatry, 25(5), 554–571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2015). Violence and Aggression: Short-term management in mental health, health and community settings. NICE Guideline [NG10]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Available at: http://nice.org.uk/guidance/ng10 (last accessed 13.2.18).Google Scholar
Nutt, DJ (2003). Death and dependence: current controversies over the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Psychopharmacol, 17, 355–364.Google Scholar
Patteet, L, Morrens, M, Maudens, KE, Niemegeers, P, Sabbe, B (2012). Therapeutic drug monitoring of common antipsychotics. Ther Drug Monit, 34(6), 629–651.Google Scholar
Stingl, J, Viviani, R (2015). Polymorphism in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19, members of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system, in the metabolism of psychotropic drugs. J Intern Med, 277(2), 167–177.Google Scholar
Taylor, D, Barnes, TRE, Young, AH (2018). The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, 13th ed. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.Google Scholar
Tiwari, AK, Souza, RP, Muller, DJ (2009). Pharmacogenetics of anxiolytic drugs. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 116(6), 667–677.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1992). The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Zanger, UM, Schwab, M (2013). Cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism: regulation of gene expression, enzyme activities and impact of genetic variation. Pharmacol Ther, 138(1), 103–141.Google Scholar
Zhou, C, Sui, Y, Zhao, W, et al. (2018). The critical interaction between valproate sodium and warfarin: case report and review. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 19, 60. doi 10.1186/s40360-018–0251-0.Google Scholar