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8 - Solar tachocline dynamics: eddy viscosity, anti-friction, or something in between?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2009

Michael E. McIntyre
Affiliation:
Centre for Atmospheric Science at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK, http://www.atm.damtp.cam.ac.uk/people/mem/
Michael J. Thompson
Affiliation:
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London
Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard
Affiliation:
Aarhus Universitet, Denmark
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Summary

The tachocline has values of the stratification or buoyancy frequency N two or more orders of magnitude greater than the Coriolis frequency. In this and other respects it is very like the Earth's atmosphere, viewed globally, except that the Earth's solid surface is replaced by an abrupt, magnetically-constrained ‘tachopause’ (Gough & McIntyre 1998). The tachocline is helium-poor through fast ventilation from above, down to the tachopause, on timescales of only a few million years. The corresponding sound-speed anomaly fits helioseismic data with a tachocline thickness (0.019 ± 0.001) R⊙, about 0.13 × 105 km (Elliott & Gough 1999), implying large values of the gradient Richardson number such that stratification dominates vertical shear even more strongly than in the Earth's stratosphere, as earlier postulated by Spiegel & Zahn (1992). Therefore the tachocline ventilation circulation cannot be driven by vertically-transmitted frictional torques, any more than the ozone-transporting circulation and differential rotation of the Earth's stratosphere can thus be driven. Rather, the tachocline circulation must be driven mainly by the Reynolds and Maxwell stresses interior to the convection zone, through a gyroscopic pumping action and the downward-burrowing response to it. If layerwise-two-dimensional turbulence is important, then because of its potential-vorticity-transporting properties the effect will be anti-frictional rather than eddy-viscosity-like. In order to correctly predict the differential rotation of the Sun's convection zone, even qualitatively, a convection-zone model must be fully coupled to a tachocline model.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

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