This chapter opens with an account of the observation of post-invasion Baghdad’s university. It presents the (re-)emergence of women’s political and civil society groups since 2003. I start by reflecting on the relationship between local and global dynamics in shaping women’s groups agendas in the Middle East and Third World countries. Then, I explore the ways in which women’s social and political groups emerged after the fall of the regime and started to organize. Then, I explore their relationship to the new regime and to the networks of US, UN and international funding targeting women’s issues. I present the different groups and organizations, the nature of their activism, their actions, mobilizations and agenda of struggles.