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Fiber Artifacts from the Paisley Caves: 14,000 Years of Plant Selection in the Northern Great Basin
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 April 2024
Abstract
Paleoethnobotanical remains from basketry and cordage from the Paisley Caves offer an opportunity to explore how people engaged with plant communities over time. Fiber identification of textiles, together with radiocarbon dating, contributes new information about landscape use within the Summer Lake Basin. Expanded marshlands during the terminal Pleistocene / Early Holocene created suitable plant communities ideal for fiber technology, specifically wetland monocots and herbaceous dicots—including dogbane and stinging nettle—by 11,000 years ago. This technology is key to subsistence activities and craft production throughout the Holocene. Despite climatic events during the Middle Holocene, in which people transitioned from caves to sites centered on lakeshores and wetlands, the suite of fiber plants and their technological application remains constant. During the Late Holocene, bast fiber material diversified with the addition of flax and milkweed. The presence of flax in particular, a high-elevation plant, may reflect the increased use of upland root collection areas as populations increased. This research provides long-term data on culturally significant native plants used in the manufacture of fiber-based textiles over the last 14,000 years.
Resumen
Restos paleoetnobotánicas de cestería y cordaje de las Cuevas Paisley ofrecen una oportunidad a explorar cómo la gente interactuaron con comunidades vegetales con el tiempo. Identificación de fibras textiles, junto con datación por radiocarbono, contribuye nueva información sobre el uso del paisaje dentro de la Cuenca del Lago de Verano. Pantanos expandidos durante el Tarde Pleistoceno / Temprano Holoceno crearon comunidades vegetales adecuadas ideales para tecnología de fibra, específicamente monocotiledóneas de humedales y dicotiledóneas herbáceas incluyendo dogbane y ortiga hace 12.000 cal aP Esta tecnología es clave para las actividades de subsistencia y la producción artesanal durante todo el Holoceno. A pesar de los acontecimientos climáticos durante el Holoceno Medio, en los que la gente hizo la transición de cuevas a sitios centrados alrededor de lagos y humedales, el conjunto de plantas de fibra y su aplicación tecnológica se mantienen constantes. Durante el Holoceno Tardío, el material de fibra de líber se diversificó con la adición de lino y algodoncillo. La presencia de lino en particular, una planta de gran altitud, puede reflejar el aumento del uso de las zonas de recolección de raíces de las tierras altas a medida que aumentaban las poblaciones. Esta investigación proporciona datos a largo plazo sobre plantas nativas culturalmente significativas utilizadas en la fabricación de textiles a base de fibra durante los últimos 14.000 años.
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- Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Society for American Archaeology
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