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Cross-Border Spillover: U.S. Gun Laws and Violence in Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2013

ARINDRAJIT DUBE ,
OEINDRILA DUBE  and
OMAR GARCÍA-PONCE
ARINDRAJIT DUBE*
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts Amherst
OEINDRILA DUBE*
Affiliation:
New York University
OMAR GARCÍA-PONCE*
Affiliation:
New York University
*
Arindrajit Dube is Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Thompson Hall. Amherst, MA 01003 (adube@econs.umass.edu).
Oeindrila Dube is Assistant Professor of Politics and Economics, Department of Politics, New York University, 19 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10012-1119 (odube@nyu.edu).
Omar García-Ponce is a Ph.D. candidate, Department of Politics, New York University, 19 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10012-1119 (garcia.ponce@nyu.edu).
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Abstract

To what extent, and under what conditions, does access to arms fuel violent crime? To answer this question, we exploit a unique natural experiment: the 2004 expiration of the U.S. Federal Assault Weapons Ban exerted a spillover on gun supply in Mexican municipios near Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico, but not near California, which retained a pre-existing state-level ban. We find first that Mexican municipios located closer to the non-California border states experienced differential increases in homicides, gun-related homicides, and crime gun seizures after 2004. Second, the magnitude of this effect is contingent on political factors related to Mexico's democratic transition. Killings increased disproportionately in municipios where local elections had become more competitive prior to 2004, with the largest differentials emerging in high narco-trafficking areas. Our findings suggest that competition undermined informal agreements between drug cartels and entrenched local governments, highlighting the role of political conditions in mediating the gun-crime relationship.

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Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 107 , Issue 3 , August 2013 , pp. 397 - 417
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2013 

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