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American Civilization Abroad: Fifty Years in Puerto Rico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Guy S. Métraux*
Affiliation:
New Haven, Connecticut

Extract

The Expansion of the United States into Spanish areas following the Spanish-American War was a test of the vigor of American society in winning over groups that were essentially alien to it. With the annexation of territories such as Puerto Rico, the American way of life was, for the first time, operating on a culturally alien soil and was thus given the opportunity to show its capacity of being exported and adopted by a people who, as a group, were part of another cultural tradition. Puerto Rico has been for the last fifty years a small stage on which a culture drama was being played. American principles were introduced there together with American attitudes. Some patterns were imposed by American military and civilian authorities—often prompted by Puerto Ricans; others were imitated by the Puerto Ricans themselves. What was the climate of opinion that permitted this transfer, what were the methods employed to achieve it, and to what extent was it successful? These are the questions that come to the mind of the historian who studies Puerto Rico today.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1951

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References

1 Dexter, Lewis A., “A Dialogue on the Social Psychology of Colonialism and on Certain Puerto Rican Professional Patterns,” Human Relations, II (1949), 4964;CrossRefGoogle Scholar Sereno, Renzo, “Boricula: A Study of Language, Transculturation, and Politics,” Psychiatry, XII (1949). 167184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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9 Proclamation of General Miles to the inhabitants of Puerto Rico, dated July 28, 1898. Office of Puerto Rico, Documents on the Constitutional History of Puerto Rico (Washington, D. C, n. d.), p. 55.

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20 U. S. Army, Department of Porto Rico, Military Orders Having the Force of Law Promulgated by the Commanding General, Department of Porto Rico, from October 18th., 1898, to April 30th., 1900 (San Juan, P. R., c. 1900), II. “Regulation of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,” pp. 115 ff., May 6, 1899. See especially Articles 13 and 14.

21 U. S. Army, Dept. of Porto Rico, General Orders and Circulars …, III, G. O. 54, Series of 1900.

22 Ibid., II, G. O. 171, Series of 1899.

23 El Mundo (San Juan, P. R.), October 8, 1949.

24 This was the opinion of the Commissioner of Education in 1900. “These exercises have done much to Americanize the island—much more than any other agency.” Porto Rico, Governor, First Annual Report of Charles H. Allen … (Washington, D. C, 1901), p. 362.

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27 Ibid., p. 45.

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