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The Fortifications of Phokis
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 October 2013
Extract
In May 1911 I made a systematic examination of the fortifications of Phokis. My attention was primarily directed to the fortifications quâ fortifications, but I have been led to some identifications which may help to add more certainty to the topography of Phokis (Fig. 1). Briefly, my results so far as concerns the plain of the Kephissos are as follows:—
(i) Tithorea occupied the site of the earlier Neon, that is to say approximately the site of the modern village Velítza. Historically the town was of no importance; the military remains are among the finest and best preserved in Greece.
(ii) Erochos was situated near the village of Kato-Souvála.
(iii) Charadra is to be placed at Mariolátes.
(iv) A Kastro, marked on the French Map as ‘Psili Kastro,’ may be identified as the Patronis of Plutarch.
(v) Near some Hellenic remains, which have been conjectured to mark the position of the Phokikon in the valley of the Platanias, is a Kastro hitherto ignored or undiscovered by travellers. The presence of this fort—it was not a town—lends colour to the identification of these Hellenic remains as the Phokikon.
The remainder of the article deals with the fortifications of Phokis, which with the exception of Abai, Hyampolis and the remains at Modi, are of a uniform type and date from the restoration after the battle of Chaironeia in 338 B.C.
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1911
References
page 58 note 1 viii. 32.
page 58 note 2 N.G. ii. 79.
page 58 note 3 Paus. x. 2. 4.
page 58 note 4 Diod. xvi. 31.
page 58 note 5 This name is attached to some ruins situated in the plain near the railway, about 50 minutes' walk from Velítsa. A few blocks remain, but the majority have been removed to Κεφισσοχώριο.
page 58 note 6 x. 32. 9.
page 58 note 7 This was quite natural. Pausanias was puzzled and remarks Βάκις Τιθορέας τοὺς ἔνθαδε ἐκάλεσεν ἀνθρώπους Bakis' allusion to Tithoreans does not imply that he called the town Tithorea.
page 59 note 1 Herodotos spells the peak Tithorea: Pausanias calls the town Tithoreia, and Plutarch Tithora. The Phokian spelling was often elastic.
page 59 note 2 Sulla, xv.
page 60 note 1 It is impossible to imagine that the Phokians remained scattered in their villages for five hundred odd years. There is, moreover, direct evidence to the contrary.
page 60 note 2 Antike Schlachtfelde, i. 135.
page 60 note 3 Ambrysos was one of these. Paus. x. 36. 3.
page 60 note 4 Herod, viii. 33.
page 61 note 1 N.G. ii. 70.
page 62 note 1 Ath. Mitt. ix. 305 sqq.
page 62 note 2 Paris, P., Élatée, p. 248Google Scholar; B.C.H. 1887, p. 328.
page 62 note 3 It might have been expected that Abai would have been placed between Hyampolis and Parapotamioi. Herodotos, however, had some further remarks to make about Abai and naturally transferred it to the end when by so doing he was not likely to mislead the reader.
page 63 note 1 x. 33. 3.
page 65 note 1 x. 4.
page 65 note 2 Sulla, xv.
page 65 note 3 N.G. ii. 104.
page 65 note 4 Kromayer, , Antike Schlachtfelde, ii. 359.Google Scholar
page 68 note 1 Paus. x. 5. 1.
page 68 note 2 viii. 35.
page 75 note 1 Dem. xix. 92.
page 75 note 2 Cited in Kromayer, op. cit. i. 135.