The visible monument comprised two periods of construction. First, a small megalithic chamber, characterized by a pair of projecting portal-stones flanking a high closing slab, had been built, and surrounded by a small oval cairn. The chamber had been rifled, but a pit in front of the portal, and sealed beneath the cairn, contained portions of several Neolithic pottery vessels of a fine, undecorated, ware. The second structure consisted of a large megalithic burial chamber built to the east of the first monument. The cairn of this, eastern, chamber was roughly rectangular in plan, and extended westward so as to incorporate the whole of the earlier monument. Pottery from the eastern chamber, and its forecourt, represented several Neolithic, and Bronze Age, wares. The elaborate system of blocking in this forecourt was found virtually intact.

The report is subdivided:

I. Introduction

II. Topography

III. Method of Excavation

IV. Description of the Monument as Excavated

V. Artefacts

VI. Discussion

The aim of this paper has been to collect together, describe, and illustrate, all known finds of Lincolnshire Bronze Age metalwork. It is based on the assumption that for future research adequate publication of the available material is a primary requirement. There is a brief survey of some of the problems involved in interpreting the typology, chronology, distribution, and over-all cultural significance of the finds. This is followed by a catalogue which contains as accurate documentation for each object as is possible. The bibliography is intended to include all original references to Lincolnshire objects, all the more general works referred to in the text, and other relevant literature.

The Royal Archaeological Institute held its summer meeting in 1946 in Lincoln and members were able to inspect excavations undertaken by the Lincoln Archaeological Research Committee, formed in the previous year. Volume 103 of the Archaeological Journal was published in 1947 and was largely devoted to the archaeology of Lincoln and Lincolnshire. A notable feature was the late Sir Ian Richmond's paper, ‘The Roman City of Lincoln’, in which he synthesized the widely scattered evidence into one coherent picture, followed by an equally valuable general study, ‘The Four Coloniae of Roman Britain’. His account of Roman Lincoln included a section on the four gates of the original colonia on the hill-top above the Witham (fig. 1), in which he included reconstructed plans of those on the north and south. It would have been remarkable if all his conjectures had proved accurate; he was already aware, well before his death, of the extent to which excavation had corrected his suggestions and was able to make a brief mention of this in print.

In 1915 Professor W. G. Collingwood completed his survey of all the Anglian and Anglo-Danish sculpture in Yorkshire. The Addenda to York published then added three fragments to the twenty-four ‘certainly or probably local to the city’. Since then, the grand total of twenty-seven has at least trebled. The main sources for this spectacular increase are the demolition of, and subsequent excavations on the site of, the church of St. Mary Bishophill Senior in 1963–4, and the much larger operations at York minster, begun in 1966 and recently completed. A full catalogue of the latter must await the completion of the excavation report. Finds to the southwest of the river Ouse appear in a recent inventory of the Royal Commission on Historical Monuments. Further sculptures were found in Newgate5 and All Saints, Pavement. The material for consideration grows steadily, and it is now clear that York was an important centre for sculpture before the Norman Conquest. This paper is limited to consideration of the later Anglo-Danish sculpture, which involves presentation of recent discoveries and reassessment of some of the sculpture described by Collingwood. It also includes a reassessment of the Nunburnholme cross, which provides parallels for many of the features of York sculpture, and is now no longer an isolated work. As there is much new material to be considered, the individual carvings will be listed and briefly described, beginning with the Nunburnholme cross, which serves as a key to the different elements.

In the volume of Archaeologia for 1910 the Reverend J. A. Robinson published a detailed plan of the Confessor's church at Westminster, illustrating the excavations of 1866, 1909, and 1910 which uncovered three fragmentary bases and some 7 ft. of curved wall to the east of them (fig. 1). On these he based his reconstruction of the choir (fig. 2), giving it two bays, solid walls cutting off the side aisles, and a semicircular apse. The larger size of the eastern base combined with the piece of curved wall makes a length of two bays certain (ignoring the unlikely event that the Norman crossing did not line up with the eastern monastic range), and the evidence for solid walls as opposed to arcades is strong, as the existence of base mouldings only towards the choir suggests there never were independent piers, but only shafts attached to a wall.

A little less than 800 years ago the bones of St. Petroc were removed from his priory church in Bodmin by a seditious canon and carried into Brittany. About a year later, after the prior of Bodmin had mobilized his friend, the head of the royal chancery, and through him King Henry II himself, and the regent of Brittany, not without some miraculous interventions by the saint himself, the bones were returned to Bodmin in an ivory casket and solemnly installed again in the priory church by the learned and saintly Bishop Bartholomew.

Hoards of coins that include jewellery are uncommon in the middle ages. In England up to 1966 there were only three such hoards known. These are the twelfth-century hoard from Lark Hill, Worcester, which contained six rings; the hoard from Coventry of c. 1290–8 containing two silver ring brooches; and the Thame hoard deposited after 1457 and containing five rings. In 1966 the discovery of a hoard of gold coins and jewellery at Fishpool, Nottinghamshire, added a fourth hoard to this sequence.