Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ttngx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-01T18:51:27.328Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Carry-over effects of dietary crude protein and triiodothyronine (T3) inbroiler chickens*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

R. W Rosebrough ,
A. D Mitchell  and
J. P Mcmurtry
R. W Rosebrough
Affiliation:
Growth Biology Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
A. D Mitchell
Affiliation:
Growth Biology Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
J. P Mcmurtry
Affiliation:
Growth Biology Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Science Institute, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Indian River male broiler chickens growing from 7 to 30 d of age were fed on diets containing crude protein levels ranging from 120 to 3041 g/kg plus 0 or 1 mg triiodothyronine (T3/)kg diet. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of these treatments on lipogenesis after a common diet was fed (180 g crude protein/kg diet from 30 to 56 d of age). Dietary treatment groups were sampled at 30 and 56 d. In vitro lipogenesis was determined by incubating liver explants for 2h at 37°in Hanks' salts containing 25 mM-HEPES and 10 mM-[2-14C]acetate and then measuring acetate incorporation into total lipid. Growth and feedconsumption from 7 to 30 d increased (P<0·01) as dietary protein increased from 120 to 210 g/kg diet. Both measurements decreased as crude protein increased from 210 to 300 g/kg diet.T, decreased (P<0·01) growth and feed intake during this period.Low-protein (<180 g/kg) diets increased (P<0·05) and T3, decreased lipogenesis in 30-d-old chickens. Although birds given T3from 7 to 30 dgrew at the greatest rate from 30 to 56 d of age, the final body weight was still less than controls.In vifm lipogenesis at 56 d of age was not affected by either of the two dietary treatments. In contrast, the relative size of the abdominal fat pad (g/kg body weight) at 56 d was decreased by feeding T3from 7 to 30 d. Any changes in metabolism elicited by either dietary protein levels or hormone treatments may be specific to the particular dosing interval and are not sustained when acommon diet is fed during a repletion period.

Keywords

Dietary proteinTriiodothyronineLipogenesisChicken
Type
Lipid metabolism in chicken liver
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 75 , Issue 4 , April 1996 , pp. 573 - 581
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

REFERENCES

Bartov, I.(1979). Nutritional factors affecting quantity and quality of carcass fatin chickens. Federation Proceedings 38, 2627–2639.Google Scholar
Chiasson, R. B., Sharp, P.J., Klandorf, H., Scanes, C.G.& Harvey, S.(1979). The effect of rapeseed meal and methimazole on levels of plasma hormones in growing broiler cockerels. Poultry Science 58, 1575–1583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cleland, W. W., Thompson, V. M. & Barden, R.E. (1969). Isocitrate dehydrogenase (TPN specific) from pig heart. In Methods in Enzymology, vol.13, pp.30–33 [Lowenstein, J. M., editor] New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Cogburn, L. A., Liou, S. S., Alfonso, C. P., McGuiness, M. C. & McMurtry, J. P. (1989). Dietary thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates growth rate and increases the insulin:glucagon molar ratio of broiler chickens. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 192, 127–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Decuypere, E., Buyse, J., Scanes, C. G., Huybrechts, L. & Kuhn, E. R. (1987). Effects of hyper- or hypothyroid status on growth, adiposity and levels of growth hormone, somatomedin C and thyroid metabolism in broiler chickens. Reproduction Nutrition Développement 27B, 555–565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donaldson, W. E. (1985). Lipogenesis and body fat in chicks: effects of calorie: protein ratios and dietary fat. Poultry Science 64, 1199–1204.Google Scholar
Donaldson, W. E., Combs, G. F. & Romoser, G. L. (1956). Studies on energy levels in poultry rations. 1. The effect of calorie-protein of the ration on growth, nutrient utilization and body composition of chicks. Poultry Science 35, 1100–1204.Google Scholar
Folch, J., Lees, M. & Sloan-Stanley, G.H. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffin, H. D., Butterwirth, S. C. & Goddard, C. (1987). Contribution of lipoprotein lipase to differences in fatness between broiler and layer-strain chickens. British Poultry Science 28, 197–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guo, K., Griffin, H. D. & Butterwirth, S. C. (1988). Biochemical indicators of fatness in meat-type chickens: lack of correlation between lipoprotein lipase activity in post-heparin plasma and body fat. British Poultry Science 29, 343–350.Google Scholar
Hanks, J. H. & Wallace, R. E. (1949). Relation of oxygen and temperature in the preservation of tissues by refrigeration. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 71, 196–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvey, S. (1983). Thyroid hormones inhibit growth hormone secretion in domestic fowl. (Gallus domesticus). Journal of Endocrinology 98, 129–135.Google Scholar
Hsu, R. Y. & Lardy, H. A. (1969). Malic enzyme. In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 13, pp. 230–235 [Lowenstein, J. M. editor] New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Leung, F. C., Taylor, J. E. & Vanderstine, A. (1984 a). Effects of dietary thyroid hormones on growth, serum T3, T4 and growth hormone in sex-linked dwarf chickens. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 177, 77–81.Google Scholar
Leung, F. C., Taylor, J. E. & Vanderstine, A. (1984 b). Thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates body weight gain and increases thyroid hormones and growth hormone inplasma of cockerels. Endocrinology 115, 736–740.Google Scholar
Leung, F. C., Taylor, J. E. & Vanderstine, A. (1985). Effects of dietary thyroidhormones on growth, plasma T3, T4and growth hormone in normal and hypothyroid chickens. General and Comparative Endocrinology 59, 91–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMurtry, J. P., Francis, G. L., Upton, F. Z., Rosselot, G. & Brocht, D. M. (1994). Developmental changes in chicken and turkey insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I) studied with a homologous radioimmunoassay for chicken IGF-I. Journal of Endocrinology 142, 225–234.Google Scholar
Martin, R. J. & Herbein, J. H. (1976). A comparison of the enzyme levels and invitro utilization of various substrates for lipogenesis in pair-fed lean and obese pigs. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 151, 231–235.Google Scholar
Nilsson-Ehle, P. & Schotz, M. (1976). A stable, radioactive substrate emulsion for assay of lipoprotein lipase. Journal of Lipid Research 17, 536–541.Google Scholar
Quig, D. W., Layman, D. K., Bechtel, P. J. & Heckler, L. R. (1983). The influence of starvation and refeeding on the lipoprotein lipase activity of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of lean and obese Zucker rats. Journal of Nutrition 113, 1150–1156.Google Scholar
Remington, R. D. & Schork, M. A. (1970). Statistics with Applications to the Biological and Health Sciences. Engelwood Cliffs, NJPrentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Rosebrough, R. W., McMurtry, J. P., Mitchell, A. D. & Steele, N. C. (1988). Protein and energy restrictions in the broiler chicken. 6. Effect of dietary protein and energy restrictions on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and metabolic hormone profiles. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 90, 311–316.Google Scholar
Rosebrough, R. W. & Steele, N. C. (1985). Energy and protein relations in the broiler. 1. Effect of protein levels and feeding regimes on growth, body compositionand in vitro lipogenesis in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 64, 119–126.Google Scholar
Rosebrough, R. W. & Steele, N. C. (1987). Methods to assess glucose and lipid metabolism in avian liver explants. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 88A, 1041–1049.Google Scholar
Thomas, O. P. & Combs, G. F. (1967). Relationship between serum protein level and body composition in the chick. Journal of Nutrition 91, 468–472.Google Scholar
Valcavi, R., Dieguez, C., Preece, M. & Taylor, A. (1987). Effect of thyroxine replacement therapy on plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels and growth hormone responses to growth hormone releasing factor in hypothyroid patients. Clinical Endocrinology 21, 85–90.Google Scholar
Yeh, Y. Y. & Leveille, G. A. (1969). Effect of dietary protein on hepatic lipogenesis in the growing chick. Journal of Nutrition 98, 356–366.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed