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Mapudungun frustrative -fu-: a modal analysis
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 January 2024
Abstract
In Mapudungun, the suffix -fu- typically indicates the unsuccessful realization of either an event or its expected consequences. As is the case for frustrative morphemes in several unrelated languages, when applied to a stative VP, the interpretation tends to be linked to non-continuation. Interestingly, in addition to these core readings, -fu- also occurs in conditionals conveying counterfactuality, and in a large subclass of deontic and bouletic constructions, such as the ones that express weak necessity and unattainable desires. Following recent developments in the study of both frustratives and conditionals, this article shows how a modal analysis of -fu- can integrate these different readings into a unified account.
Résumé
En mapudungun, le suffixe -fu- indique généralement la réalisation infructueuse d'un événement ou de ses conséquences attendues. Comme c'est le cas pour d'autres morphèmes frustratifs dans plusieurs langues non apparentées, lorsqu'il est appliqué à un VP statif, l'interprétation a tendance à être liée à la non-continuation. Un fait intéressant est que, en plus de ces lectures de base, -fu- apparaît également dans les conditionnels véhiculant la contrefactualité, et dans une large sous-classe de constructions déontiques et bouletiques, comme celles qui expriment une nécessité faible ou des désirs inaccessibles. Suite aux développements récents dans l’étude des frustratifs et des conditionnels, le présent article montre comment une analyse modale de -fu- peut intégrer ces différentes lectures dans un compte rendu unifié.
- Type
- Article
- Information
- Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique , Volume 68 , Issue 4 , December 2023 , pp. 515 - 554
- Copyright
- Copyright © Canadian Linguistic Association/Association canadienne de linguistique 2024
Footnotes
I thank the editors of the Canadian Journal of Linguistics and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. I am also grateful to my main Mapudungun consultants, Héctor Mariano (HM) and Renan Vita (RV). HM is a native speaker of the Moluche dialect, the most widely used among Mapuche speakers; (RV) uses a more confined dialect, Chedungun-Pewenche, which shares a morphosemantic skeleton that allows mutual intelligibility with Moluche. Moluche being the more studied dialect, I present data as uttered or judged by HM, but entirely verified by RV.
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