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Developmental perspectives on the origins of psychotic disorders: The need for a transdiagnostic approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2024

Elaine F. Walker Open the ORCID record for Elaine F. Walker [Opens in a new window] ,
Katrina Aberizk ,
Emerald Yuan ,
Zarina Bilgrami ,
Benson S. Ku  and
Ryan M. Guest
Elaine F. Walker*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Katrina Aberizk
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Emerald Yuan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
Zarina Bilgrami
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Benson S. Ku
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
Ryan M. Guest
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
*
Corresponding author: E. F. Walker; Email: psyefw@emory.edu
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Abstract

Research on serious mental disorders, particularly psychosis, has revealed highly variable symptom profiles and developmental trajectories prior to illness-onset. As Dante Cicchetti pointed out decades before the term “transdiagnostic” was widely used, the pathways to psychopathology emerge in a system involving equifinality and multifinality. Like most other psychological disorders, psychosis is associated with multiple domains of risk factors, both genetic and environmental, and there are many transdiagnostic developmental pathways that can lead to psychotic syndromes. In this article, we discuss our current understanding of heterogeneity in the etiology of psychosis and its implications for approaches to conceptualizing etiology and research. We highlight the need for examining risk factors at multiple levels and to increase the emphasis on transdiagnostic developmental trajectories as a key variable associated with etiologic subtypes. This will be increasingly feasible now that large, longitudinal datasets are becoming available and researchers have access to more sophisticated analytic tools, such as machine learning, which can identify more homogenous subtypes with the ultimate goal of enhancing options for treatment and preventive intervention.

Keywords

Developmentetiologypsychosisresearchrisk

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Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 36 , Special Issue 5: The Future of Developmental Psychopathology: Honoring the Contributions of Dante Cicchetti , December 2024 , pp. 2559 - 2569
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© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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