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Early-adult outcome of child and adolescent mental disorders as evidenced by a national-based case register survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

A.C. Castagnini ,
L. Foldager ,
E. Caffo  and
P.H. Thomsen
A.C. Castagnini*
Affiliation:
Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
L. Foldager
Affiliation:
Unit for Behaviour and Stress Biology, Department of Animal Science, and Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark
E. Caffo
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Medecine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
P.H. Thomsen
Affiliation:
Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author. School of Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. E-mail address:augusto.castagnini@unimore.it(A.C. Castagnini).
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Abstract

Background

Mental disorders show varying degrees of continuity from childhood to adulthood. This study addresses the relationship of child and adolescent mental disorders to early adult psychiatric morbidity.

Methods

From a population at risk of 830,819 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years, we selected all those (n = 6043) who were enrolled for the first time in the Danish Psychiatric Register with an ICD-10 F00-99 diagnosis in 1995-1997, and identified any mental disorder for which they received treatment up to 2009.

Results

Neurodevelopmental and conduct disorders were the principal diagnostic groups at 6-16 years and exhibited a characteristic male preponderance; while affective, eating, neurotic, stress-related and adjustment disorders were more common in girls. Over a mean follow-up period of 10.1 years, 1666 (27.6%) cases, mean age 23.4 years, were referred for treatment to mental health services, and they had a markedly higher risk than the general population (RR 5.1; 95% CI 4.9-5.4). Affective, eating, neurodevelopmental, obsessive-compulsive and psychotic disorders had the strongest continuity. Heterotypic transitions were observed for affective, eating, neurodevelopmental, personality and substance use disorders.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that individuals with psychiatric antecedents in childhood and adolescence had a high risk of being referred for treatment in early adulthood, and many mental disorders for which they required treatment revealed both homotypic and heterotypic continuity.

Keywords

ContinuityEpidemiologyICD-10Nosology
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 38 , October 2016 , pp. 45 - 50
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2016

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