Syphilis of the nervous system is a chronic disease with light initial manifestations and severe late after-effects. in Ukraine cases with neurosyphilis have been increased since 2003 year. Clinical symptoms of neurosyphilis have been changed. Symptoms of the initial forms of neurosyphilis concealed different somatic diseases. That is why the patient with neurosyphilis become patients of any other specialists such as an ophthalmologists, a therapeutists, a neurologists, etc.

Aim to study clinical and diagnostic particulars of neurosyphilis psychiatric patients.

Psychiatric patients with neurosyphilis in period from 2003 through 2011.The detailed analysis of patients information was done. It included different types of test, investigations and anamnesis. Among them are: psychopathologic test, CT, ES, the serologic results of blood, the investigations of liquors (the cytosis one, the albumen one, the results of Zax-Vitebsky, Kan reactions) and the neurologic examination in the process of treatment.

Revealed prevalence of initial forms of neurosyphilis (mesenkhimal) over the late forms (parenchymatous). the late forms of neurosyphilis take 23,40% among the general number of patients. Dementia form takes 60,00%, the depressive - 20,00%, the expansive one −10,00% and other forms 10,00%. there are some factors of risk that actually influence the development of neurosyphilis. there are alcohol dependence, trauma of the skull and brain, general immune deficiency and the low social standard of living.

Revealed increasing number of latent forms of syphilis which is consequently transferring into late forms of neurosyphilis (p > 0,001).