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The possible role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Axis in the etiology of Major depressive Disorder (MDD) The possible role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Axis in the etiology of Major depressive Disorder (MDD) The possible role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Axis in the etiology of Major depressive Disorder (MDD)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

T. Pieters ,
T. Van Der Gronde  and
L. Van Der Velde
T. Pieters*
Affiliation:
Utrecht University, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
T. Van Der Gronde
Affiliation:
Utrecht University, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
L. Van Der Velde
Affiliation:
Utrecht University, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

1.Introduction MDD is a heterogeneous disorder, with a wide variety of symptoms and inconsistent treatment response, and is not completely understood. A dysregulated stress system is a consistent finding, however, and exhaustion is a consistent trait in adolescent patients. In order to open up our thinking about MDD we take up the challenge to reframe depression, specifically focusing on the possible role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Axis in the etiology of MDD.

Objectives

We propose a ‘bidirectional feedback hypothesis’: microbiota can promote or inhibit a pro-inflammatory state, (in)directly altering the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis response and the microbiome and further increasing or decreasing its pro-inflammatory state. The aim is to show that the pro-inflammatory state is an integral part of a HPA axis stress spiralling mechanism that plays a role in the etiology of MDD.

Methods

A systematic review based on publications from PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo

Results

The etiology of MDD can be understood as sliding down a spiral. This stress spiralling mechanism can be promoted or inhibited by: 1.factors such as a poor lifestyle or (pre-existing) illness 2.bettering someone’s lifestyle, coping behavior or providing pro-/prebiotics in combination with personalised therapeutics.

Conclusions

We argue that an interdisciplinary One Health approach is the most promising preventive and therapeutic option for MDD.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

HPA axispro-inflammatory statemicrobiotaMDD
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S567 - S568
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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