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Relationship between body mass index and depression in women: A 7-year prospective cohort study. The APNA study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

E. Martin-Rodriguez ,
F. Guillen-Grima ,
E. Aubá ,
A. Martí  and
A. Brugos-Larumbe
E. Martin-Rodriguez*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, Avenida Barañain s/n Pamplona, 31008, Spain Servicio Navarro de Salud, Spain
F. Guillen-Grima
Affiliation:
Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, Avenida Barañain s/n Pamplona, 31008, Spain Department of Preventive Medicine. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Spain
E. Aubá
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
A. Martí
Affiliation:
IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Spain Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
A. Brugos-Larumbe
Affiliation:
Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, Avenida Barañain s/n Pamplona, 31008, Spain Servicio Navarro de Salud, Spain IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Spain
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, Avenida Barañain s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Tel.: +34 6993 45174. E-mail address: elenamartinr@gmail.com (E. Martin-Rodriguez).
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Abstract

Background

The association between body mass index (BMI) and depression is complex and controversial. The present study examined the relationship between BMI and new-onset depression during 7 years of follow-up in 20,212 adult women attending Primary Health Care Centres in Navarra, Spain.

Methods

The Atención Primaria de Navarra (APNA) study is a dynamic prospective cohort study. A total of 20,212 women aged 18–99 years (mean age: 50.7 ± 18.5 years) without depression at baseline were selected from 2004 to 2011. We estimated the incidence of depression. We used the Kaplan-Meier analysis to predict the survival curve. The risk of depression onset according to different measures of BMI at baseline was assessed using Cox regression analyses.

Results

During the 7 years of follow-up, depression appeared in 8.9% (95% CI 8.5–9.3). The highest rates of depression incidence at follow-up occurred in underweight and obese women (9.8% [95% CI 7.3–12.9] and 10.3% [95% CI 9.5–11.1] respectively). The distribution of depression incidence by weight category was U-shaped. The risk of depression increased over time with an observed Kaplan-Meier estimation of 6.67. After adjusting for age, underweight and obese women at baseline have increased risk of depression onset during the follow-up period compared with normal weight women (HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.09–2.00 and HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01–1.29 respectively).

Conclusions

In this 7-year prospective study in the APNA women population, depression emerged in 8.9%. Being underweight or obese (not overweight) at baseline is significantly associated with future onset of depression.

Keywords

Body mass indexDepressionObesityUnderweightPrimary health care
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 32 , February 2016 , pp. 55 - 60
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016

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